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Emotionella övergrepp och kroppsmissnöje hos gymnaster: En kvantitativ studie om upplevelser av emotionella övergrepp och gymnasters syn på sin kropp
Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, GIH, Department of Physical Activity and Health.
2023 (Swedish)Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesisAlternative title
Emotional abuse and body dissatisfaction in gymnastics : A quantitative study of gymnasts´ experiences of emotional abuse and views of their bodies (English)
Abstract [en]

Aim

The aim of this work was to create an increased understanding of gymnasts' experiences and views of emotional abuse in relation to perceived body dissatisfaction. Mainly, the work investigated to what extent active and retired gymnasts considered emotional abuse to be acceptable or not and how often they had experienced emotional abuse themselves. Secondary aims were to investigate whether experiences of emotional abuse from coaches were something related to gymnasts' views of their bodies.

Method

Gymnasts from various gymnastics disciplines participated in the work. The gymnasts who participated were active or retired gymnasts, over 15 years old and identified as female. 52% of the gymnasts were active and 48% previously active. Vignettes based on the Violence Towards Athletes Questionnaire (VTAQ: Parent et al., 2019) as well as the Body Image State Scale (BISS; Cash et al., 2002) were compiled into a two-part web survey in Microsoft Forms. The responses of the 97 participants were collected and analyzed through a variety of statistical analyses, including Spearman's Rank Correlation Coefficient and the Mann-Whitney U-test.

Results

The result showed that the gymnasts had experienced emotional abuse to a moderate extent. They also experienced high levels of body dissatisfaction. Positive significant correlations between acceptance and experience of emotional abuse, body dissatisfaction and training amount were found. Gymnasts who experienced higher levels of emotional abuse also reported higher levels of body dissatisfaction.

Conclusion

A majority of the gymnasts stated that they have experienced emotional abuse at some point in their career. The results indicate that the gymnasts can identify emotionally abusive behaviors and that they do not consider them acceptable. High levels of body dissatisfaction were reported by many gymnasts, which also correlated with more frequent experiences of emotional abuse.

Abstract [sv]

Syfte och frågeställningar

Syftet med detta arbete var att skapa en ökad förståelse för gymnasters upplevelser och syn på emotionella övergrepp inom gymnastik i relation till upplevt kroppsmissnöje. Huvudsakligen undersöktes i vilken utsträckning aktiva respektive före detta aktiva gymnaster ansåg emotionella övergrepp vara acceptabla eller inte samt hur ofta de själva hade upplevt emotionella övergrepp. Sekundära syften var att undersöka om upplevelser av emotionella övergrepp ifrån tränare var något som hörde samman med gymnasters syn på sin kropp.

Metod

Gymnaster inom olika gymnastikdiscipliner tillfrågades delta i arbetet. Gymnasterna som deltog var aktiva eller före detta aktiva gymnaster, över 15 år gamla och identifierade sig som kvinna. 52% av gymnasterna var aktiva och 48% före detta aktiva. Vinjetter baserade på Violence Towards Athletes Questionnaire (VTAQ: Parent et al., 2019) samt Body Image State Scale (BISS; Cash et al., 2002) sammanställdes till en tudelad webbenkät i Microsoft Forms. De 97 deltagarnas svar samlades in och analyserades genom flertalet olika statistiska analyser inklusive Spearmans rangkorrelationskoefficient och Mann-Whitney U-test.

Resultat

Resultatet visade att gymnasterna hade upplevt emotionella övergrepp i måttlig utsträckning. De upplevde även höga nivåer av kroppsmissnöje. Positiva signifikanta samband mellan acceptans och frekvens av emotionella övergrepp, kroppsmissnöje och träningsmängd upptäcktes. Gymnaster som i högre grad upplevt emotionella övergrepp rapporterade också högre kroppsmissnöje.

Slutsats

En majoritet av gymnasterna angav att de någon gång hade varit med om emotionella övergrepp. Gymnasterna uppvisade att de kan identifiera emotionella övergreppsbeteenden och ansåg dem inte vara acceptabla. Ett starkt kroppsmissnöje återfanns hos många gymnaster vilket kan höra samman med frekvent upplevelse av emotionella övergrepp.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2023.
Series
Examensarbete ; 2023:28
Keywords [en]
gymnastics, emotional abuse, body dissatisfaction
Keywords [sv]
gymnastik, emotionella övergrepp, kroppsmissnöje
National Category
Sport and Fitness Sciences
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:gih:diva-7669OAI: oai:DiVA.org:gih-7669DiVA, id: diva2:1774967
Educational program
Master programme
Supervisors
Examiners
Available from: 2023-06-26 Created: 2023-06-26 Last updated: 2025-02-11Bibliographically approved

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