Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH

This chapter discusses the pre-school sports market in Sweden and how and why it is manifested. It highlights how pre-school sports businesses represent themselves and their services and how they shape normative values about pre-school sports on their websites. It also focuses on how leading individuals from pre-school sports businesses describe this development and interest from families. We discuss the implications of this development in relation to how Swedish children’s sports traditionally operate. Finally, we argue that pre-school sports businesses contribute to an increase in adult perspectives on children’s activities. This suggests that childhood is seen as a period when guardians can ensure their children acquire desirable skills that adults define as important. 

Many sectors in current Western societies depend on both paid and unpaid labour, one being the sports sector, where both athlete millionaires and voluntary labour co-exist. Although unpaid labour may be determined as what makes the sports sector work, this sector is extensively expanding in paid labour, both professionalising and commercialising the field. Although the form of organised sport in Scandinavia differs from other countries in that it is primarily built on voluntary sports, mainly with a monopoly on competitive sports and substantial involvement from the governments, the two interlinked processes of professionalisation and commercialisation are increasingly present in this sector, even in a Scandinavian country like Sweden. This study aimed to explore how occupations and salaries in the Swedish sports sector are impacted by background factors such as educational level, gender and private/public sector. Existing data from official sources was used. Contributing to international research in the sociology of profession and sport, this project sheds light on what types of work render economic value in parts of the Swedish sports sector, simultaneously highlighting professional and educational value. The study shows that some types of labour count as work more than others; however, the existing data is insufficient. Owing to the sector's complexity and various ways of measuring labour, an overview of the many forms of employment and remuneration in this sector is challenging to form.

Why and how to teach skateboarding is at the heart of this chapter. It is important to ponder these questions as skateboarding expands into the mainstream sports realm and teaching skateboarding is used as an approach to learning many other things apart from skateboarding, such as desired social skills and cultural norms. This chapter suggests that movement literacy, with its four features of feel, explore, collaborate and assess, is a viable route to work pedagogically with teaching and learning skateboarding. The features resonate with cultural traits in skateboarding and are sufficiently open yet distinct. The chapter answers the question: what do skateboarders do, and how can we learn from them? It may be read as a pedagogical credo founded on pedagogical thinking and empirical research.

This study explores how trans individuals struggle to make themselves intelligible as humans in a cis- and heteronormative context of sports and exercise. Ten trans people with present or prior experience in sports and exercise were interviewed. The analysis draws from Butler’s idea of trans people’s exclusion as a question of unintelligibility instead of oppression. The study demonstrates three overreaching ways trans people make themselves discursively intelligible as humans: by passing as cis, by coming out as trans yet mediating potential inconvenience this may pose on others, and by coming out as trans paired with challenging cis- and heteronormativity. We argue that practices aligning to intelligibility as humans are key for trans people in sports, exercise, and possibly in other walks of life.

Utvecklingen av svensk sport management som såväl utbildnings- som forskningsfält har varit markant de senaste decennierna och pågår i allra högsta grad fortfarande. I detta kapitel beskriver vi denna utveckling. Vad som ingår i fältet sport management är dock en diskussionsfråga. Vi har valt att avgränsa det utifrån de fyra verben planera, organisera, leda och utvärdera, vilka hämtats från en trilogi om svensk sport management (Bäckström m fl 2018, 2019, 2020). För att illustrera svensk sport managements utveckling redogör vi för hur sport managementutbildning tar sig uttryck, då detta säger en del om hur vi ser på ämnesområdet i Sverige. Därefter redogör vi för forskningsfältets framväxt med särskilt fokus på ett urval av avhandlingar, och annan forskningsproduktion. Avslutningsvis belyser vi hur svensk sport management förhåller sig till internationell dito. Att sätta genomgången i ett internationellt perspektiv blir ett sätt belysa det särskilt svenska.

Den här artikeln undersöker hur kommersiella idrottsentreprenörer inom barn- och ungdomsidrott positionerar sig själva och sina verksamheter i förhållande till den svenska föreningsidrotten. Studien undersöker olika positioner som entreprenörer intar i relation till barn- och ungdomsidrotten och diskurserna som omgärdar den utifrån entreprenörers perspektiv. I resultatet lyfts tre olika positioner fram: (1) Den vanliga, passionerade barn- och ungdomsidrottsentusiasten; (2) entreprenörer som kompletterande aktörer i relation till föreningsidrott; och (3) företagarnas position i relation till det omgivande samhället. Sammanfattningsvis positionerar entreprenörerna sig inte som ett hot mot den svenska idrottsrörelsen. Men samtidigt hävdar de på olika sätt att deras verksamhet överträffar idrottsklubbarnas när det gäller att tillhandahålla idrott för barn och ungdomar. Dessutom tycks de positionera sina tjänster gentemot utvalda familjer framför andra, och verka inom en ram där barn- och ungdomsidrott i allt högre grad behandlas som en kommodifierbar enhet i det nutida samhället.

Child and youth sports entrepreneurs on a commercial playing field – a positioning analysis

This article examines how commercial sport entrepreneurs position themselves and their businesses in relation to Swedish voluntary youth club sport. The study investigates the various positions that entrepreneurs take in relation to youth sport and the discourses surrounding it from the perspective of entrepreneurs. In the results, three different positions are highlighted: 1) The regular, passionate child and youth sport enthusiast; 2) the entrepreneurs as complementary actors in relation to organized sports; and 3) the position of entrepreneurs in relation to the surrounding society. In conclusion, the entrepreneurs do not position themselves as a threat to the Swedish sport movement. But at the same time, they assert, in diverse ways, that their business surpasses those of sport clubs in terms of providing sport for children and youth. Furthermore, they appear to position their services towards selected families over others, operating within a framework in which child and youth sports are increasingly treated as a commodifiable entity in contemporary society.

The poster's focus will be an ongoing research project, aiming to analyse teenage girls' affective and sociocultural negotiations in the changing room, with smartphones and social media as part.

Physical activity is something teenage girls engage in both in leisure time and within school. To be physically active, one often needs to go through the changing room. However, previous research shows pupils sometimes experience the room as problematic, especially teenage girls (Gymnasieskolernes Idrætslærerforening, 2018; Moen et al., 2018). Furthermore, teenage girls do not use social media; they live social media (Goodyear et al., 2022). Social media has changed social interactions, which now can move through (the changing room) walls (Couldry & Hepp, 2018). One of the reasons for pupils' experienced problematic was the presence of smartphones and the fear of being photographed and spread on social media (Jönsson, 2016).

To investigate this, a flexible theoretical framework is to be used. The definition of the body is through new materialism and the notion of body and mind as intertwined. The social is learned through sociocultural regimes and intersubjective bodily practises, as part of the world with other materiality (Allegranti, 2013). To investigate the body, affect theory, elaborated by Probyn (2005), is to be used.

The method is semi-structured interviews with walk-along and a visual component consisting of a video camera. The method is inspired by short-term ethnography (Pink & Morgan, 2013). The selection is teenage girls in Sweden. The participant will be followed through the changing room while showing and explaining their practice (fully dressed, in an empty room). Meanwhile, an interview will be conducted. By filming, multidimensional data is collected.

The expected finding is a deeper understanding of teenage girls changing room experience and practises. How they negotiate in the room, and how smartphones and social media take part or not.

The relevance to Nordic educational research is how the perception and usage of changing rooms seem to have shifted from being a natural part in connection to physical activity to being a room inflicting insecurity amongst pupils and debates amongst teachers.

There is an absence in the literature on sports of a conceptualization of what in French are labeled sports de glisse: sports that imply gliding on water, through air, and on snow and ice, such as surfing, paragliding, skiing, and skating. Inspired by Ingold's (1993) concept of the taskscape, we introduce the idea of the glidescape: a perceptual field in which gliding sports practitioners inhabit, create, and transform their environment while at the same time being recreated and transformed themselves. Using an applied phenomenological approach, we describe the main experiential qualities and structure of the glidescape. In the quest for extended phases of effortless movement, gliders engage in a clearly accentuated rhythm with sharp contrasts between forceful effort and smooth effortlessness based on a fine-tuned proprioceptive sense for material and ecological resonance, which opens fleeting and emplaced moments of freedom and authenticity.