Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH

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  • 1.
    Brun Sundblad, Gunilla
    et al.
    Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, GIH, Department of Sport and Health Sciences.
    Lundvall, Suzanne
    Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, GIH, Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Forskningsgruppen för pedagogik, idrott och fritidskultur.
    Engström, Lars-Magnus
    Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, GIH, Department of Sport and Health Sciences.
    Studenter tar plats i SIH-projektet2013In: Svensk Idrottsforskning: Organ för Centrum för Idrottsforskning, ISSN 1103-4629, Vol. 22, no 1, p. 20-24Article in journal (Other academic)
    Abstract [sv]

    I drygt tio år har SIH-projektet kartlagt ungas upplevda hälsa, fysiska status och aktivitetsgrad, och dessutom skolämnet idrott och hälsa. Studenter vid GIH har medverkat i projektet och bidragit med forskningsdata. I artikeln presenteras aktuella resultat och hur projektet har integrerats i studenternas utbildning samt vetenskapliga skolning.

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  • 2. Brun Sundblad, Gunilla M
    et al.
    Saartok, Tönu
    Engström, Lars-Magnus T
    Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, GIH, Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Forskningsgruppen för pedagogik, idrott och fritidskultur.
    Prevalence and co-occurrence of self-rated pain and perceived health in school-children: Age and gender differences.2007In: European Journal of Pain, ISSN 1090-3801, E-ISSN 1532-2149, Vol. 11, no 2, p. 171-80Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In this nationwide study, 1975 students from grades 3, 6, and 9 (ages 9, 12, and 15 at the onset of the year), were recruited from randomly selected schools, which represented different geographical areas throughout Sweden. The main aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of self-reported pain (headache, abdominal, and musculoskeletal pain) and perceived health (problems sleeping and/or if they often felt tired, lonely and sad). A second aim was to study the co-occurrence among different pain and health variables. The students, (n = 1908 distributed by grade 3: 255 girls and 305 boys, grade 6: 347 girls and 352 boys, grade 9: 329 girls and 320 boys) answered retrospectively (three months) a specially designed questionnaire. Fifty percent (50%) of the students reported that they had experienced pain, either as headache, abdominal pain or musculoskeletal pain, within the recall period. Gender differences were especially noticeable for headaches, where twice as many girls (17%, n = 159) than boys (8%, n = 80) reported that they suffered such pain at least once a week or more often. Co-occurrence among the variables was moderate (0.3-0.5). For the total of the seven variables, the perception of pain and health complaints decreased with age for boys from grades 3 to 9, while multiple complaints increased for girls.

  • 3.
    Brun Sundblad, Gunilla
    et al.
    Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, GIH, Department of Sport and Health Sciences.
    Mechbach, Jane
    Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, GIH, Department of Sport and Health Sciences.
    Lundvall, Suzanne
    Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, GIH, Department of Sport and Health Sciences.
    Nilsson, Johnny
    Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, GIH, Department of Sport and Health Sciences.
    Orka hela vägen: Upplevd hälsa, idrotts- och träningsbakgrund bland studenter på en fysiskt inriktad yrkesutbildning.  Lärarstudenter GIH 2008 delrapport 1: 20092010Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [sv]

    Sammanfattning

    Ett sammanfattande porträtt av den nyantagna lärarstudenten vid GIH med utgångspunkt från enkätsvaren ger vid handen en bild av en person, som är ca 21 år gammal, född i Sverige och uppvuxen i en medelstor stad i Mellansverige. Studenten trivdes mycket bra i skolan och var som elev något över medel med MVG i idrott och hälsa.

    Valet av yrkesutbildning grundade sig på ett stort intresse för idrott, samt en önskan att få jobba med barn och ungdom. Studievalet hade för många påverkats av en tidigare idrotts-lärare, kompisar och familj. En bra lärare i idrott och hälsa är enligt studenten positiv, engagerad, rättvis, bestämd och kunnig.

    Lärarstudenten ser sig behärska bollspel väl. Störst kunskap och färdighet uppges i fot-boll och alpin skidåkning. Minst kunskap och färdighet skattades i softboll, baseboll, bergsklättring, långfärdsskridskoåkning och i konsten att kunna valla skidor. Många ser sig ha god kunskap om sambandet mellan hälsa, livsstil och miljö, men mindre god om hur en idrottsaktivitet har betydelse för kulturarvet, samband mellan miljö och männi-skans hälsa i ett historiskt och nutidsperspektiv samt i ergonomi.

    På sin fritid går lärarstudenten ofta på idrottsevenemang, café, tittar på TV och video eller umgås med vänner och familj. Lärarstudenten går sällan på bio och nästan aldrig på tea-ter, museum eller vernissager. "Vad är vernissage?" undrar en student.

    Hälsan, både fysiskt och psykiskt, skattas som tillfredsställande och man känner ofta hopp, glädje och meningsfullhet. Emellertid finner man sig även ofta stressad på grund av tidsbrist och alla krav. Många kvinnliga studenter (41%) rapporterade ryggont och många, både kvinnor och män, beskrev att de har besvär från en skadad fotled eller knä. De flesta lärarstudenterna är regelbundet fysiskt aktiva och de finner att mängden motion delvis är tillfredsställande.

    Förväntningarna är höga på utbildningen både att den är mångsidig och kommer att ge ökad kunskap inom olika områden. Under studietiden förväntar man sig att utvecklas och förbättra sin egen fysiska status och hälsa. En student uttrycker det med orden: "Mitt nya liv startar idag". Den sammanfattande bilden av lärarstudenten på GIH liknar den som tidigare har redovisats av Meckbach och Wedman i en liknande studie från maj 2005. Deras studie genomfördes på studenter efter ett års studier på GIH (Meckbach & Wed-man, 2007).

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  • 4.
    Ekblom, Örjan
    et al.
    Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, GIH, Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Åstrand Laboratory of Work Physiology, Björn Ekblom's and Mats Börjesson's research group.
    Kraepelien Strid, Eva
    Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, GIH, Department of Sport and Health Sciences.
    Tidén, Anna
    Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, GIH, Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Forskningsgruppen för pedagogik, idrott och fritidskultur.
    Nyberg, Marie
    Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, GIH, Department of Sport and Health Sciences.
    Sundblad, Gunilla Brun
    Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, GIH, Department of Sport and Health Sciences.
    Lundvall, Suzanne
    Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, GIH, Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Forskningsgruppen för pedagogik, idrott och fritidskultur.
    Predictors of adolescent fitness levels among Swedish adolescents, a longitudinal study2012In: Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 2012, Vol. 15, no Supplement 1, p. S185-Conference paper (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Introduction: It has been consistently demonstrated that low aerobic fitness is causally linked to increased cardio-metabolic risk. Aerobic fitness has also been causally related to cognitive function. From adolescence and onwards, the inter-individual stability ("tracking") in fitness is fairly high. An individual's fitness level in adolescence is therefore a central determinant for future health. However, childhood predictors of adolescent fitness levels are largely unknown. The present study aimed at identifying personal, school-specific and structural determinants in childhood (age 10 yrs) for adolescent aerobic fitness (at age 16 yrs).

    Methods: Body mass index-based overweight status (normal weight vs overweight/obese, according to Cole et al.) and gross motor skills (based on the Tidén-Nyberg test) were measured at baseline in 209 Swedish children (mean [SD] age 9.8 [0.60] yrs) from randomly selected schools on Sweden. Immigration status (self-report) and average household income in quartiles on community level (register obtained) were used as possible structural confounders. Data on educational status of the PE teacher and lesson structure (gender-separated vs mixed classes) was obtained from the PE teacher. At the reexamination (at age 15.8 [0.33] yrs), aerobic fitness was estimated using the Åstrand-Ryhming nomogram. Low aerobic fitness was defined as below the first quartile (29.7 mL x min-1 x kg-1). Risk for low aerobic fitness was assessed using logistic regression

    Results: Risk for low aerobic fitness at follow-up was lower in children who were normal weight (OR: 0.23.95% CI: 0.10 to 0.49) and in children with trained PE-teachers (OR: 0.40, 95% CI: 0.17 to 0.93), but higher among children with poor gross motor skills (OR:1.84, 95% CI 1.08 to 3.13) at baseline. Gender, immigration history, neighborhood economical status and lesson structure were all non-significant predictors of low adolescent fitness.

    Discussion: The results stress the importance for early overweight prevention and treatment and for professional identification and treatment of children with impaired gross motor skills at young ages. In Sweden, a lagre proportion of PE-teachers in lower grades lack formal PE-teacher education, which according to the present study poses a threat to children's future health. Early screening and treatment of children with limited motor proficiencies seems may help children adapting a physically active lifestyle and avoiding low fitness levels in adolescence and young adulthood.

  • 5.
    Ekblom, Örjan
    et al.
    Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, GIH, Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Åstrand Laboratory of Work Physiology, Björn Ekblom's and Mats Börjesson's research group.
    Kraepelien Strid, Eva
    Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, GIH, Department of Sport and Health Sciences.
    Tidén, Anna
    Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, GIH, Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Forskningsgruppen för pedagogik, idrott och fritidskultur.
    Nyberg, Marie
    Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, GIH, Department of Sport and Health Sciences.
    Sundblad, Gunilla Brun
    Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, GIH, Department of Sport and Health Sciences.
    Lundvall, Suzanne
    Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, GIH, Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Forskningsgruppen för pedagogik, idrott och fritidskultur.
    Predictors of perceived competence in physical activities (PCPA) among Swedish adolescents, a longitudinal study2012In: Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 2012, Vol. 15, no Supplement 1, p. S113-Conference paper (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Introduction: An individual's perceived competence in physical activities (PCPA) has been proven a powerful predictor for future physical activity. However, the perception of one¥s competence may differ over time, especially during childhood and adolescence but also between types of physical activities or tasks. Further, the predictors for PCPA are largely unknown, but overweight status and gross motor skills have been proposed as candidates. We sought to identify predictors for general PCPA in Swedish adolescents, and PCPA in three highly prevalent forms of physical activities in Swedish physical education (PE), namely swimming, aerobics and soccer.

    Methods: Body mass index-based overweight status (normal weight vs overweight/obese, according to Cole et al.) and gross motor skills (based on the TidÈn-Nyberg test) were measured in 352 Swedish children (160 girls and 192 boys) at baseline (age 10). Immigration status (self-report) and average community household income level (quartiles, register obtained) at 10 yrs were used as possible socio-cultural confounders. Data on educational status of the PE teacher responsible for education at age 10 yrs was obtained by self-report from the teachers. Self reported data on general PCPA and PCPA in soccer, swimming and aerobics at 16 yrs was obtained at follow-up and predictors for PCPA was identified using logistic regression.

    Results: Being overweight or obese (OR: 2.27, 95% CI: 1.18–4.38) and attending PE classes with unqualified teachers (OR: 2.41, 95% CI: 1.36–4.27) at age 10 yrs were both risk factors for low general PCPA a age 16 yrs. Concerning the selected activities, being overweight or obese at age 10 yrs predicted low PCPA in swimming (OR: 2.67, 95% CI:1.31–5.46) but not in the other activities at age 16 yrs. Poor gross motor skills at age 10 yrs predicted low PCPA at 16 yrs only in soccer (OR:1.48, 95% CI: 1.02–2.13). Female gender (OR: 0.21, 95% CI: 0.13–0.38), and higher socioeconomic status (OR: 0.71 per quartile, 95% CI: 0.55–0.92)at age 10 yrs were both found to be associated to lower risk for low PCPA in aerobics.

    Discussion: Overweight status and educational status of the PE teacher both affect the risk of having low general PCPA. The effect of gender, overweight status, gross motor skill and socio-economy seem to differ between specific activities, indicating that PCPA may be task specific in adolescents. These results may serve as background when planning physical activity interventions. Further, they stress the need for professional PE teachers to teach in younger classes.

  • 6.
    Graffman-Sahlberg, Marie
    et al.
    Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, GIH, Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Forskningsgruppen för pedagogik, idrott och fritidskultur.
    Brun Sundblad, Gunilla
    Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, GIH, Department of Sport and Health Sciences.
    Lundvall, Suzanne
    Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, GIH, Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Forskningsgruppen för pedagogik, idrott och fritidskultur.
    A Possible Mission?: An Action-based Case Study of a Teaching-Learning Model in Physical Education and Health2014In: Swedish Journal of Sport Research, ISSN 2001-9475, no 1Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 7.
    Graffman-Sahlberg, Marie
    et al.
    Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, GIH, Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Forskningsgruppen för pedagogik, idrott och fritidskultur.
    Brun Sundblad, Gunilla
    Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, GIH, Department of Sport and Health Sciences.
    Lundvall, Suzanne
    Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, GIH, Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Forskningsgruppen för pedagogik, idrott och fritidskultur.
    Teaching Health for Understanding?: A phenomenographic analysis of learn-ing experiences2014Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 8.
    Graffman-Sahlberg, Marie
    et al.
    Katedralskolan, Uppsala.
    Sundblad, Gunilla Brun
    Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, GIH, Department of Sport and Health Sciences.
    Lundvall, Suzanne
    Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, GIH, Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Forskningsgruppen för pedagogisk idrottsforskning.
    Learning health in Swedish physical education: A critical case study of students’ encounters with physical fitness and health as a learning object2019In: Scandinavian Sport Studies Forum, E-ISSN 2000-088X, p. 227-250Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The interfaces between health, physical education and schooling have a long history. Critical questions are being raised about the enforcement of learning a particular health practice in school physical education (PE). The present study departures from a practice-based research project evaluating a pedagogical model. The aim of the case study was to explore upper secondary students' learning and understandings of a specific learning object, aerobic fitness and how this influences health, after participating in a period of a longer lab work in the context of Swedish physical education. A phenomenographic approach was used when analyzing the students' written reports to identify and distinguish the variations of learning outcomes and understandings that emerged. Expectations of physical performance created tensions, and even conflicts, between the student-centred assignments and existing traditions within the field of physical education. The findings underscore the risk of neoliberal logics underpinning health education in the learning culture of PE. Further studies are needed where teaching methods/models and student learning are paid attention to in order to move away from teaching to be healthy towards students learning about health and make sense of themselves as healthy. This may offer new educational perspectives.

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  • 9.
    Jansson, Alexander
    et al.
    Malmö University, Sweden..
    Sundblad, Gunilla Brun
    Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, GIH.
    Lundvall, Suzanne
    Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, GIH, Department of Movement, Culture and Society.
    Bjarsholm, Daniel
    Linnaeus University, Växjö, Sweden..
    Norberg, Johan R.
    Malmö University, Sweden..
    Students' perceived learning in physical education: variations across students' gender and migration background in Sweden2022In: Sport, Education and Society, ISSN 1357-3322, E-ISSN 1470-1243, Vol. 27, no 4, p. 421-433Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Students' perceived learning in physical education (PE) is an important yet neglected area of research. Increased knowledge about students' perceived learning can provide teachers with useful information to promote meaningful learning experiences in PE. Moreover, perceived learning can potentially be an alternative measurement to school grades when analyzing equality of outcome. Given that gender and migration background are associated with equality issues in PE, these groups are of particular focus in this study. With this background, the aim of this paper is threefold: (a) to explore students' perceived learning in PE in Sweden, (b) to analyze what perceptions of PE are most prominent, and (c) present a way to quantitatively illustrate how perceptions about PE vary across gender and migration background. The analysis was based on a question about students' perceived learning and was conducted in two steps. First, the students' answers were categorized using qualitative content analysis. The analysis shows that the perceived learning in PE can be categorized into the following categories: 'Physical doing', 'Emotional experiences', 'Health', 'Do not learn', 'Outdoor Education' and 'Social interaction'. Second, by quantitatively illustrate all answers in relation to the six categories, the result showed that the category of 'Physical doing' (36%) was the most prominent, and thereafter, in descending order are the categories of 'Emotional experiences' (22%), 'Health' (18%), 'Do not learn' (10%), 'Outdoor Education' (10%) and 'Social interaction' (4%). The results also showed that regardless of gender and migration background, students have somewhat similar perceptions of what they learn in PE. In this study we: (i) present a categorization of students' perceived learning in PE, (ii) show that physical doing is a prominent aspect in students answers, lastly (iii) by quantitatively illustrate students' perceived learning in PE, this study also suggest an alternative measurement to analyze equality in PE.

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  • 10.
    Jansson, Alexander
    et al.
    Department of Sport Sciences, Malmö University, Malmö, Sweden.
    Sundblad, Gunilla Brun
    Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, GIH, Department of Movement, Culture and Society.
    Lundvall, Suzanne
    Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, GIH, Department of Movement, Culture and Society. Department of Food and Nutrition and Sport Sciences, Gothenburg University, Göteborg, Sweden.
    Bjärsholm, Daniel
    Department of Sport Science, Linnaeus University, Växjö, Sweden.
    Norberg, Johan R.
    Department of Sport Sciences, Malmö University, Malmö, Sweden.
    Gender Differences and Inequality?: A 20-Year Retrospective Analysis Based on 39,980 Students' Perceptions of Physical Education in Sweden.2023In: Journal of teaching in physical education, ISSN 0273-5024, E-ISSN 1543-2769, Vol. 42, no 2, p. 371-382Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Purpose: The aim of this study was to critically examine previous studies' claims about the magnitude of gender differences and gender inequality in physical education (PE) in Sweden. Method: The data were based on students' (N = 39,980) perceptions of PE and were gathered from four large research projects in Sweden. Three effect size measures (Cramer's V, r squared, and Cohen's d) were calculated for gender differences. Results: In general, there are small gender differences; and after controlling for students' grade, "sports capital," and parents' "educational capital," the differences are practically irrelevant. Conclusion: This study provides compelling evidence that there are small, or even irrelevant, gender differences in students' perceptions of PE in Sweden. Moreover, given that previous research asserts that large gender differences can be used as an indicator of inequality, this study suggests that gender inequality issues related to students' perceptions of PE are relatively small. 

  • 11.
    Jansson, Alexander
    et al.
    Malmö University.
    Sundblad, Gunilla Brun
    Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, GIH, Department of Sport and Health Sciences.
    Lundvall, Suzanne
    Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, GIH, Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Forskningsgruppen för pedagogisk idrottsforskning.
    Norberg, Johan
    Malmö University.
    Assessing Students' Perceived Learning and Contentment in Physical Education: A Scale Development Study and Structural Equation Modeling Analysis.2019In: Measurement in Physical Education and Exercise Science, ISSN 1091-367X, E-ISSN 1532-7841, Vol. 23, no 3, p. 280-290Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Although students' perceived learning is central in physical education (PE), few measurements are available. Furthermore, little is known about how students' perceptions of PE effect students' perceived learning in PE. Therefore, the aim was to develop a scale to assess students' perceived learning and a measurement to assess students' perceived contentment in PE, and furthermore, to analyze the interrelationship between students' perceived learning and students' perceived contentment in PE. A total of 1203 students in Sweden who were aged 12–16 years participated. The results from the exploratory (n = 601) and confirmatory (n = 602) factor analyses as well as the validity and reliability analyses showed that there was psychometric support for the one-dimensional model perceived learning in PE and for the three-dimensional model perceived contentment in PE. The structural equation modeling analyses showed that both competence and joyfulness were directly and positively related to students' perceived learning. 

  • 12.
    Jansson, Alexander
    et al.
    Malmö University, Sweden.
    Sundblad, Gunilla Brun
    Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, GIH, Department of Physical Activity and Health.
    Lundvall, Suzanne
    Gothenburg University, Sweden.
    Norberg, Johan R.
    Malmö University, Sweden.
    Exploring the intersection between students’ gender and migration background in relation to the equality of outcome in physical education in Sweden.2024In: Sport, Education and Society, ISSN 1357-3322, E-ISSN 1470-1243, Vol. 29, no 1, p. 42-57Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    School grades are among the most common measurements used to analyze equality of outcome in education. Large or increasing ‘gaps’ in school grades between boys and girls and between students with different migration background are considered strong indicators of inequality. Based on students’ school grades, several studies have shown that equality in Swedish schools has decreased during the last two decades. Although equality has been described as one of the most important goals in physical education (PE), studies that focus on equality of outcome are lacking. Moreover, there have been no studies that focus on equality of outcome since the 2011 implementation of a new school grading system in Sweden. Therefore, the aim of this study is to contribute with new knowledge on equality in PE in Sweden – in regard to gender and migration background. The study is based on register data for all students enrolled in Swedish schools during the years 2012–2016 from Grades 6 and 9 and Year 1 in upper secondary school N = 1,294,990). Based on a cross-sectional approach, analyses were conducted to explore general trends in students’ school grades in PE in the study period 2012–2016, and to calculate the percentage difference in PE grades between students with a Swedish background and both students with a foreign background and foreign-born students. After controlling for grade inflation, regression analyses with Wald tests were used to analyze how gender has moderated the relationship between migration background and school grades in PE in Sweden between 2012 and 2016. The results from this study suggest that (a) the intersection of gender and migration background is related to unequal school grades in PE, (b) there are gender equality issues in relation to students’ school grades in PE and, (c) the most prominent equality issues concern the group foreign-born girls. 

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  • 13.
    Lundvall, Suzanne
    et al.
    Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, GIH, Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Forskningsgruppen för pedagogik, idrott och fritidskultur.
    Brun Sundblad, Gunilla
    Healthier Generation through Physical Education?2013In: Next Practice in Physical Education and Movement Science: The 2nd NORDPLUS-IDROTT Conference, Syddansk Universitet, 2013, p. 31-Conference paper (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Physical education has during the last decades been under debate in several countries. Reports claim that students learn sport but not health. Alongside with this, changes in society show new scenarios around health, wellbeing and illness among young people, and a growing uneven distribution of access to physical activity and knowledge in health. This leads to questions about students’ learning experiences from school PE. The aim of the presentation is to, with the help of a nine year follow-up study, describe and analyze students’ attitudes to participation and learning in PE over the school years. The study consists of a population from randomly selected schools in Sweden, with students aged 9, 12, and 15, in the year of the baseline study, 2001. Follow-up studies were made three, six and nine years later. In 2010, 75% of the original population (1290) answered a revised, almost identical questionnaire. The results show a significant difference in participation pattern between male and female students, where 18% of the female students never or very seldom participates in PE in their older ages, in relation to 8% of the male students. From 15 to 18 years of age, one third of those who experience that they learned “nothing” remained in this category. Leaving school, 21% of the students at the age of 18 thought that they knew well how to train and be physically active by their own. 2 out of 10 regarded themselves as not having this knowledge at all. Over one third of the students were uncertain of relationships between health, life style and environment. Those who scored themselves as very active in the age of 12, were also the ones most stable over the years, with the female students being the most stable. Future challenges for PE and health will be discussed.

  • 14.
    Lundvall, Suzanne
    et al.
    Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, GIH, Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Forskningsgruppen för pedagogik, idrott och fritidskultur.
    Brun Sundblad, Gunilla
    Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, GIH.
    Learning experiences in Physical Education and Health : a longitudinal study2013Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Physical education and health (PEH) have during the last decades been under debate in several countries. Reports claim that students learn sport but not health. Changes in society show new scenarios around health, wellbeing and illness among young people, and a growing uneven distribution of access to physical activity and knowledge in health. This leads to questions about students’ learning experiences from school PE.

     

    The aim of the presentation is to, with the help of a nine year follow-up study, describe and analyze students’ attitudes to participation and learning in PE over the school years. The study consists of a population from randomly selected schools in Sweden, with students aged 9, 12, and 15, in the year of the baseline study, 2001. Follow-up studies were made three, six and nine years later. In 2010, 75% of the original population (1290) answered a revised, almost identical questionnaire.

     

    The results show a significant difference in participation pattern between male and female students, where 18% of the female students in relation to 8% of the male students never or very seldom participates in PE in their older ages. From 15 to 18 years of age, one third of those who experience that they learned “nothing” remained in this category. Leaving school, 21% of the students at the age of 18 thought that they knew well how to train and be physically active by their own. 2 out of 10 regarded themselves as not having this knowledge. Over one third of the students were uncertain of relationships between health, life style and environment. One conclusion from the study is the need for a reworked model of how to become a learner in PEH. Conclusions and future challenges for PEH will be discussed.

  • 15.
    Lundvall, Suzanne
    et al.
    Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, GIH, Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Forskningsgruppen för pedagogisk idrottsforskning.
    Brun Sundblad, Gunilla
    Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, GIH, Department of Sport and Health Sciences.
    “Learning nothing” in Physical Education and Health (PEH)?: a nine year follow-up study2018In: Physical Education and Sport help build a Healthy Society, 2018Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Abstract

     “Learning nothing” in Physical Education and Health (PEH)? – a nine year follow-up study

    The school subject Physical education and health (PEH) has during the last decades been under debate in several countries. Reports claim that students learn sport but not health. Literature also points to a gap between curriculum, pedagogy and assessment. Changes in society show new scenarios around health, wellbeing and illness among young people, and a growing uneven distribution of access to physical activity and knowledge in health. This leads to questions about students’ learning experiences from school PEH.

    The aim of the presentation is to, with the help of a nine year follow-up study, describe and analyze students’ attitudes to participation and learning in PEH over the school years.

    Method

    The study was based on a population from randomly selected schools in Sweden, with students born 1991, 1988 and 1985. The year of the baseline study was 2001. Follow-up studies were made three, six and nine years later. The collecting of data was made by a self developed and adopted questionnaire with closed and open answers.The presentation will focus on the follow up study of the students born 1991, made six and nine years after the base line study. In 2010, 75% of the original population (1290) answered a revised, almost identical questionnaire. Frequency of data was analysed with descriptive statistics and cross tabulations. Chi-square was used for examining group differences *p<0.05 **p<0.01, ***p<0.001.Values >0.05 were considered as statistically non-significant (n.s.)

    The results show a significant difference in participation pattern between male and female students, where 18% of the female students in relation to 8% of the male students, never or very seldom participated in PEH in their older ages. From 15 to 18 years of age, one third of those who experience that they learned “nothing” remained in this category. Leaving school, 21% of the students at the age of 18 thought that they knew well how to train and be physically active by their own. 2 out of 10 regarded themselves as not having this knowledge. Over one third of the students were uncertain of the relationships between health, life style and environment. The students’ general attitudes towards PEH in upper secondary school, as described in the open answers, have been categorised in two main themes: a request to get the opportunity to become more engaged in school physical activity, and a claim for a restructuring of  how PEH is organised and taught.

    Conclusions

    One conclusion from the study is the need for defined and understandable learning tasks with learning outcomes possible to be shared and assessed by both teachers and students. Possible pedagogical models will be discussed with the departure point from the concept health literacy and curriculum theory.

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  • 16.
    Lundvall, Suzanne
    et al.
    Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, GIH, Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Forskningsgruppen för pedagogisk idrottsforskning.
    Brun Sundblad, Gunilla
    Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, GIH.
    Polarisering av ungas idrottande2017In: De aktiva och de inaktiva: om ungas rörelse i skola och på fritid / [ed] Christine Dartsch, Johan R Norberg & Johan Pihlblad, Stockholm: Centrum för idrottsforskning , 2017, p. 45-75Chapter in book (Other academic)
    Abstract [sv]

    Skillnaderna i fysisk aktivitet mellan svenska skolelever är stora. Cirka 20 procent idrottar inte alls på fritiden, en lika stor andel är mycket aktiva. En stor majoritet deltar på lektionerna i idrott och hälsa. En procent väljer att inte alls vara med. Hur resonerar unga om idrott, träning och ämnet idrott och hälsa och vad kännetecknar olika elevgrupper?

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  • 17.
    Lundvall, Suzanne
    et al.
    Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, GIH, Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Forskningsgruppen för pedagogisk idrottsforskning.
    Brun Sundblad, Gunilla
    Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, GIH, Department of Sport and Health Sciences.
    Sport, PE and physical activities in Sweden: a polarization of high and low participation in school and during leisure time2017In: Changes in Childhood and Adolescence: Current Challenges for Physical Education / [ed] Claude Scheuer et al., 2017Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Sport, PE and physical activities in Sweden – a polarization of high and low participation in school and during leisure time

    Suzanne Lundvall, Gunilla Brun Sundblad, The Swedish school of sport and health Sciences, GIH, STOCKHOLM

    Introduction

    During the last decades several changes in society have affected young people’s physical activity (PA) habits. These changes deal not only with processes of urbanization and choice of schools. They also deal with new forms of communication and screen activities influencing young people’s everyday life, including when, where and how young people are physically active. Parallel with this systematical reviews have shown that physical active students have a better physical and mental health than inactive students. As the rate of participation in club sport among children and adolescents have gone down during the last years in Sweden, questions arise of who is physically active and/or inactive during school and leisure time, as well as what the contribution is from physical education and health (PEH). The aim of the study has been to examine Swedish students and their physical activity (PA) habits during and after school time, including participation in physical education and health (PEH). Another aim was to examine students learning experience in PEH. The results of the study are discussed in relation to results from a similar study from 2001 (The School-Sport- Health study).

    Method

    Method used was a questionnaire with open and closed questions about participation and learning in school PEH, daily physical activity during school time, as well as questions about sport club participation and screen activities. The sample of schools was based on a previous study from 2001 with randomly, by the Swedish Bureau of Statistics, selected schools. In total 1203 students, aged 12- and 15- years, from 24 schools participated.

    Results

    A group of 21% (n=256) of the students (62% boys and 38% girls) answered that they were very physically active and participated in club sports over 6 times/week, or over 10 h/week. At the same time a group, just under 21% (250) of the students (equally distributed between gender), reported themselves as physically inactive. A higher amount of girls with foreign background were found in the inactive group. The inactive students were represented in schools, independent of a high or low socioeconomic status. 40% of students knew about school organized PA during the school day. Of these, half of them participated, mainly younger (boys) and already sports active student. Two third of the students spent more than 2 hours per day with screen actives during the school week days. The time spent with screen activities during the weekend was high, and higher than in 2001. Among the inactive group, 35% spent more than 6 hours per day in front of a screen.18% of the very physically active group did the same. Students self-report a higher PA level during PEH-lessons compared with earlier surveys. The students also describe to a higher extent than in earlier surveys, learning experiences that represent theoretical knowledge of physical health and the learning of all-round movement competence and fitness training. Less than 1% of the students declare that they never participate in PEH.

    Discussion

    The polarization between the very physically active and non-active group has grown. Students describe that they learn about (physical) health and a healthy active life style. Surprisingly few declare that they don’t participate in school PEH. This result needs to be followed up by succeeding studies. There is overall a positive attitude to PEH among the students that can and should be used. School PEH emerge as a resource for PA and health, whereas daily physical activities are underused. Every fifth student choose away from club sport. Screen activities has increased dramatically. In summary, there is a need for a strategy of meaningful participation in physical activity in daily life that involves school, parents and club sport to support a health enhancing environment for all young people.

    References

    Bailey, R., Hillman, C., Arent, S. et al.. (2013).”Physical activity: An underestimated investment in human capital?”, Journal of Physical Activity and Health, 10(3), 289–308.

    Larsson, H. & Karlefors, I. (2015). ”Physical education cultures in Sweden: Fitness, sports, dancing ... learning?”. Sport, Education and Society, 20(5), 573–587.

    Heath, G. W. et al.. (2012).”Evidence-based intervention in physical activity: Lessons from around the world”. The Lancet, vol. 380, nr. 9838, s. 272–281.

  • 18.
    Sundblad, Gunilla
    Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, GIH, Department of Sport and Health Sciences.
    ”Det gör ont”: Skador, värk och upplevd (o)hälsa under skolåren2004In: Svensk Idrottsforskning: Organ för Centrum för Idrottsforskning, ISSN 1103-4629, no 4, p. 71-74Article in journal (Other academic)
    Abstract [sv]

    Medicinska framsteg och teknisk utveckling har bidragit till att förbättra och underlätta våra liv. Paradoxen är att vi i många fall får det allt bättre men samtidigt mår många allt sämre. Detta visar sig även bland barn och ungdom. Ca 10 % av eleverna i vår studie uppgav att de hade värk eller problem med sömn, trötthet och nedstämdhet varje vecka eller oftare. År 2004 uppgav 39 % av flickorna och 15 % av pojkarna att de kände sig stressade dagligen till minst en gång i veckan. Majoriteten av barnens föräldrar underrapporterade och underskattade deras värk och upplevda hälsoproblem.

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  • 19. Sundblad, Gunilla Brun
    et al.
    Jansson, Anna
    Saartok, Tönu
    Renström, Per
    Engström, Lars-Magnus
    Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, GIH, Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Forskningsgruppen för pedagogik, idrott och fritidskultur.
    Self-rated pain and perceived health in relation to stress and physical activity among school-students: a 3-year follow-up.2008In: Pain, ISSN 0304-3959, E-ISSN 1872-6623, Vol. 136, no 3, p. 239-49Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The aim of this longitudinal study was to assess changes with age regarding prevalence of pain and perceived health in a student population, as well as change over time at grade level. Pain included frequency of headache, abdominal, and musculoskeletal pain and perceived health included problems sleeping and/or if they often felt tired, lonely, and sad. If gender, age (grade level), stress, physically activity were related to pain and health complaints were tested with multivariate logistic regression analysis. The students (n=1908) came from randomly selected schools throughout Sweden and attended grades 3, 6 and 9 (ages 9, 12 and 15 at the onset of the year) in 2001. Three years later, 67% (n=1276) of the same students answered a questionnaire that was constructed for the purpose of the studies. The responses given by the same students showed that girls' complaints of pain and perceived health increased with age and boys decreased. Over half (56%) of the girls and two-thirds (67%) of the boys reported no frequent complaints either year. At grade level most variables were rated the same as three years earlier by the same age group. Stress was significantly related to pain and health complaints for girls and the risk of complaints, as calculated with odds ratio, was most evident for students who were characterized as being physically inactive in 2001 and remained inactive three years later. Jointly, significant predictors, such as stress, being physically inactive, gender and grade level, explained 8-20% of the frequent complaints.

  • 20. Sundblad, Gunilla M Brun
    et al.
    Saartok, Tönu
    Engström, Lars-Magnus T
    Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, GIH, Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Forskningsgruppen för pedagogik, idrott och fritidskultur.
    Child-parent agreement on reports of disease, injury and pain.2006In: BMC Public Health, E-ISSN 1471-2458, Vol. 6, p. 276-Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND: Studies on school students are indicating that somatic complaints and pain have increased during the past decades. Throughout this period there has been a change in methodology from proxy reports by parents to having the students themselves act as the respondents, possible explaining some of the increase in prevalence. The aim of this study was to compare the agreement of answers from students with answers given by their parents regarding the students' medical background and subjective rating of perceived health with specific focus on frequency of headache, musculoskeletal pain and tiredness. METHODS: The participating students came from eleven different schools in Sweden. The schools were a sub sample of randomly selected schools originally participating in a larger multidisciplinary base study. Those 8th grade students present at school on the test date became the subjects of the investigation. A total of 232 students answered, assisted by the test leader, a specially designed self-complete questionnaire at school. Their parents were, at the same time, contacted and 200 answered a similar mailed-out questionnaire. One hundred and eighty-six (186) corresponding student-same parent questionnaires were registered for which comparisons of answers could be made and analysis conducted. RESULTS: When a child is in good health, in absence of diseases, pain and injuries, his or her assessment matches up with their parent. Children and parents also showed agreement in cases of severe injuries and frequent (daily) complaints of knee pain. Less frequent headaches, back- and musculoskeletal pain and other complaints of minor injuries and less wellbeing, such as students' tiredness, were all under-reported and under-rated by their parents. CONCLUSION: When assessing the perceived health and wellbeing of students, their own expressions should be the basis for the data collection and analysis rather than relying entirely on parental reports.

  • 21. Sundblad, Gunilla
    et al.
    Saartok, Tönu
    Engström, Lars-Magnus
    Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, GIH, Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Forskningsgruppen för pedagogik, idrott och fritidskultur.
    Renström, Per
    Injuries during physical activity in school children.2005In: Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports, ISSN 0905-7188, E-ISSN 1600-0838, Vol. 15, no 5, p. 313-23Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    During the spring of 2001, 1975 children, from grades 3, 6 and 9 participated in a nationwide, multidisciplinary collaboration study. The students came from randomly selected classes throughout Sweden, representing different geographical and socio-economic areas. The aim of this study was to collect and evaluate self-reported injuries and associated factors during various physical activities as recalled retrospectively for 3 months by the students. Every sixth student (n=299 or 16%) reported 306 injuries. Twice as many girls than boys were injured during physical education class. Ninth-grade students reported relatively more injuries during organized sports than during physical education class and leisure activities. There were no age or gender differences in incidence rate during leisure activities. Most injuries were minor, as 70% were back in physical activity within a week. Half of the students (50%) reported that they previously had injured the same body part. Primary care of the injured student was, with the exception of a family member, most often carried out by the physical education teacher or coach, which accentuates the importance of continuous sports medicine first aid education for this group.

  • 22.
    Thedin Jakobsson, Britta
    et al.
    Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, GIH, Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Forskningsgruppen för pedagogik, idrott och fritidskultur.
    Brun Sundblad, Gunilla
    Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, GIH, Department of Sport and Health Sciences.
    Lundvall, Suzanne
    Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, GIH, Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Forskningsgruppen för pedagogik, idrott och fritidskultur.
    Redelius, Karin
    Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, GIH, Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Forskningsgruppen för pedagogik, idrott och fritidskultur.
    In- and outflow in club sport: A longitudinal study among Swedish youth aged 10-19 years2014Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 23.
    Thedin Jakobsson, Britta
    et al.
    Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, GIH, Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Forskningsgruppen för pedagogisk idrottsforskning.
    Sundblad, Gunilla Brun
    Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, GIH, Department of Sport and Health Sciences.
    Lundvall, Suzanne
    Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, GIH, Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Forskningsgruppen för pedagogisk idrottsforskning.
    Redelius, Karin
    Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, GIH, Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Forskningsgruppen för pedagogisk idrottsforskning.
    Participation patterns in Swedish youth sport.: A longitudinal study of participants aged 10-19 years.2018In: Swedish Journal of Sport Research, ISSN 2001-6018, E-ISSN 2001-9475, Vol. 7, no 2, p. 25-52Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In Sweden almost everyone participate in youth sport at one time or another. In recent years, however, overall participation rates have declined and many stop early. The aspiration of the sport confederation as well as the Swedish state is that young people should stay longer in sport which raises questions about participation patterns during adolescence, the ease of joining a sport club, and the barriers to remaining a participant. Drawing on a nine-year longitudinal study, this article reports on the participation patterns among a group of 241 youth that were followed from 10 to 19 years. They took part in four surveys (when they were 10, 13, 16 and 19 years of age). The results show a clear polarisation, one fourth did not take part at all or had only participated for a short time, one fourth participated all the time from the age of 10 to 19. Few started after the age of 10. The pathways for those continuing were characterised by diversification and not specialisation.

  • 24.
    Tidén, Anna
    et al.
    Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, GIH, Department of Movement, Culture and Society.
    Sundblad, Gunilla Brun
    Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, GIH, Department of Movement, Culture and Society.
    Lundvall, Suzanne
    Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, GIH, Department of Movement, Culture and Society.
    Assessed movement competence through the lens of Bourdieu: a longitudinal study of a developed taste for sport, PE and physical activity2021In: Physical Education and Sport Pedagogy, ISSN 1740-8989, E-ISSN 1742-5786, Vol. 26, no 3, p. 255-267Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background The interest for young people?s movement ability has increased. Literature shows that many factors, apart from movement ability, influence the development of and sustained interest in or taste for physical activity and the learning thereof.Purpose This longitudinal study illustrates, through the lens of Bourdieu, whether and how assessed movement ability at the age of 15, together with cultural capital and sports habitus, is reflected in exercise habits and a taste for participation in sport and physical activity as a young adult.Data collection and analysis A multidisciplinary project called School-Sport-Health (Skola-idrott-hälsa) was established in 2001 in Sweden to investigate the physical and health status of children and youth, as well as attitudes to and participating in school physical education. Schools were randomly selected by the agency Statistics Sweden. In total, 1,975 pupils aged 9, 12 and 15 answered a life style questionnaire, and took part in at least one sub study of the baseline study in 2001. Movement ability was examined using the NyTid test. 560 pupils (283 girls, 277 boys) aged 15 (born in 1985, ±1) completed the test. In the follow-up study, lifestyle questionnaires, were answered nine years apart by the pupils who had participated in the NyTid test at the age of 15. The response rate was 61 per cent (341 young adults: 186 females, 155 males). Group and gender differences between those who had a high level of assessed movement ability (HLG) and those with a low level (LLG) were analysed. Data were analysed through Bourdieu?s analytical concepts habitus and capital.Findings The assumption that an acquired high level of movement ability plays a central role in being physically active later in life is both confirmed and challenged by the results. The HLG view themselves as more physically active and with a higher intensity (71 per cent) than the LLG (44 per cent). A low level of assessed movement ability at the age of 15 did not prevent young adults from acquiring a taste for sport and physical activity later in life. Habitus is a generative principle and can, according to the logic of practice, give action meaning, which may go against earlier habitus and trigger actions. Earlier described gender differences appear to be less evident in young adults.Conclusions Further research is needed to understand how pupils? movement narratives are constructed to support young people?s taste for movement and development of movement competence.

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