Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH

Endre søk
Begrens søket
12 1 - 50 of 84
RefereraExporteraLink til resultatlisten
Permanent link
Referera
Referensformat
  • apa
  • ieee
  • modern-language-association-8th-edition
  • vancouver
  • Annet format
Fler format
Språk
  • de-DE
  • en-GB
  • en-US
  • fi-FI
  • nn-NO
  • nn-NB
  • sv-SE
  • Annet språk
Fler språk
Utmatningsformat
  • html
  • text
  • asciidoc
  • rtf
Treff pr side
  • 5
  • 10
  • 20
  • 50
  • 100
  • 250
Sortering
  • Standard (Relevans)
  • Forfatter A-Ø
  • Forfatter Ø-A
  • Tittel A-Ø
  • Tittel Ø-A
  • Type publikasjon A-Ø
  • Type publikasjon Ø-A
  • Eldste først
  • Nyeste først
  • Skapad (Eldste først)
  • Skapad (Nyeste først)
  • Senast uppdaterad (Eldste først)
  • Senast uppdaterad (Nyeste først)
  • Disputationsdatum (tidligste først)
  • Disputationsdatum (siste først)
  • Standard (Relevans)
  • Forfatter A-Ø
  • Forfatter Ø-A
  • Tittel A-Ø
  • Tittel Ø-A
  • Type publikasjon A-Ø
  • Type publikasjon Ø-A
  • Eldste først
  • Nyeste først
  • Skapad (Eldste først)
  • Skapad (Nyeste først)
  • Senast uppdaterad (Eldste først)
  • Senast uppdaterad (Nyeste først)
  • Disputationsdatum (tidligste først)
  • Disputationsdatum (siste først)
Merk
Maxantalet träffar du kan exportera från sökgränssnittet är 250. Vid större uttag använd dig av utsökningar.
  • 1. Andersson, B
    et al.
    Andersson, Eva
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap, Laboratoriet för biomekanik och motorisk kontroll (BMC).
    Arnell, J
    Bergenfeldt, T
    Forsberg, A
    Amer-Wåhlin, I
    Ljung, B
    Magnegård, T
    Nilsson, Johnny
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap, Laboratoriet för biomekanik och motorisk kontroll (BMC).
    Olausson, K
    Olsson Sundelin, T
    Sarac, L
    Sandberg, H
    Ökad fysisk aktivitet viktigt för att bromsa sjukfrånvaron2015Inngår i: Dagens nyheter, DN, artikkel-id 27 novArtikkel i tidsskrift (Annet (populærvitenskap, debatt, mm))
    Abstract [sv]

    Försäkringskassans rapport (DN Debatt 27/11 2015) visar att sjukfrånvaron fortsätter att öka och lovar att kraftsamla i sjukförsäkringshandläggningen. Men, precis som Försäkringskassan skriver, kommer det inte att räcka för att nå regeringens mål. Regeringens åtgärdsprograms program i sju punkter för att minska sjukfrånvaron saknar en viktig komponent. Det måste kompletteras med fysisk aktivitet som ett åttonde område för att trenden ska kunna brytas, skriver 13 debattörer.

  • 2.
    Andersson, Eva A.
    et al.
    Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet.
    Defaire, Gi
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH.
    Hultgren, Staffan
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH.
    Nilsson, Johnny
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH.
    Oddsson, Kristjan
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH.
    Olin, Hedvig
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH.
    Strand, Leif
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH.
    Wahlgren, Lina
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH.
    Wedman, Ingemar
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH.
    Ekblom, Örjan
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH.
    Physical activity for persons with obesity—a health project reported2008Inngår i: Forum on Public Policy Online, ISSN 1938-9809, Vol. 4, nr SpringArtikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    In public health contexts, increased physical activity habits and fitness (aerobic and strength capacities) are positively related for promoting health and preventing  and treating common diseases/problems, including obesity and overweight. A strongly graded inverse association between physical activity and obesity has been shown both for adults and children. However, a lower mortality risk has been shown for those with greater weight but good aerobic capacity than for those of recommended weight but less fit. On the basis of a health project with physical activity for persons with or without obesity, the paper discusses evidence-based methods for promoting physical activity. General guidelines for the amount of physical activity for persons are described, as are the numerous physiological and medical advantages of physical activity. The economic benefits are also illustrated. The paper exemplifies methods of measuring physical activity habits and physical fitness. These two factors must be observed when showing improvements in public-health contexts, including groups with obesity.

     

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    FULLTEXT01
  • 3.
    Andersson, Eva A
    et al.
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap, Laboratoriet för tillämpad idrottsvetenskap (LTIV).
    Lundahl, Gunilla
    Ortivus AB, Danderyd.
    Wecke, Liliane
    Institutionen för Kardiologi, KI, KS.
    Lindblom, Ida
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap, Laboratoriet för tillämpad idrottsvetenskap (LTIV).
    Nilsson, Johnny
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap, Laboratoriet för tillämpad idrottsvetenskap (LTIV).
    Maximal Aerobic Power versus Performance in Two Aerobic Endurance Tests among Young and Old Adults2011Inngår i: Gerontology, ISSN 0304-324X, E-ISSN 1423-0003, nr Aug, s. 1-11Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Aerobic fitness is of great value for reducing risk of mortality and cardiovascular diseases. Objective: This study evaluated the performance in and correlations between a new test (five-minute pyramid test, 5MPT), the six-minute walk-test (6MWT) and maximal oxygen uptake (VO(2max)) among old and young adults. Methods: Forty-four habitually active adults (females and males), 23 old (64-79 years) and 21 young (20-32 years) participated. In the 5MPT, the participants moved back and forth along a short walkway (5.5 m) over boxes (height: 'old people' 0.42 m, 'young people' 0.62 m) arranged like an elongated step pyramid for 5 min. Power in the pyramid test (5MPT(power)) was calculated as the product of numbers of laps, body weight, gravity and highest box level divided by time. A 6MWT and a maximal cycle ergometer test for direct measurements of VO(2max) were also performed. In all tests heart rate, with on-line electrocardiography, and perceived exertion were recorded. Results: There was a strong correlation between the 5MPT(power) and VO(2max) for the entire group studied (r = 0.98), and each of the four subgroups old and young females and males separately (r = 0.78-0.98). Contrary to several earlier studies, especially involving people with various diseases, the present data showed that 6MWT cannot be used to predict VO(2max) among old females and young adults. The correlation with VO(2max) was weaker for the 6MWT than for the 5MPT(power). The relative performance values for the old compared to the young (ratio old/young × 100) were considerably lower in 5MPT(power) and VO(2max) (47-55%) than in distance and 'work' in the 6MWT (82-86%). Conclusions: The results, with age and gender variations, can be valuable information in health-fitness contexts, since measuring physical aerobic capacity is very significant in connection with risk evaluations of mortality and various diseases. The 5MPT is a rapid, functional, easy and inexpensive tool for predicting assessed maximal aerobic power.

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    Andersson et al. 2011 Gerontology
  • 4.
    Andersson, Eva A
    et al.
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap, Laboratoriet för biomekanik och motorisk kontroll (BMC).
    Nilsson, Johnny
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap, Laboratoriet för biomekanik och motorisk kontroll (BMC).
    Ma, Z
    Thorstensson, Alf
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap, Laboratoriet för biomekanik och motorisk kontroll (BMC).
    Abdominal and hip flexor muscle activation during various training exercises.1997Inngår i: European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology, ISSN 0301-5548, E-ISSN 1432-1025, Vol. 75, nr 2, s. 115-23Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    The purpose of this study was to provide objective information on the involvement of different abdominal and hip flexor muscles during various types of common training exercises used in rehabilitation and sport. Six healthy male subjects performed altogether 38 different static and dynamic training exercises trunk and hip flexion sit-ups, with various combinations of leg position and support, and bi- and unilateral leg lifts. Myoelectric activity was recorded with surface electrodes from the rectus abdominis, obliquus externus, obliquus internus, rectus femoris, and sartorius muscles and with indwelling fine-wire electrodes from the iliacus muscle. The mean electromyogram amplitude, normalised to the highest observed value, was compared between static and dynamic exercises separately. The hip flexors were highly activated only in exercises involving hip flexion, either lifting the whole upper body or the legs. In contrast, the abdominal muscles showed marked activation both during trunk and hip flexion sit-ups. In hip flexion sit-ups, flexed and supported legs increased hip flexor activation, whereas such modifications did not generally alter the activation level of the abdominals. Bilateral, but not unilateral, leg lifts required activation of abdominal muscles. In trunk flexion sit-ups an increased activation of the abdominal muscles was observed with increased flexion angle, whereas the opposite was true for hip flexion sit-ups. Bilateral leg lifts resulted in higher activity levels than hip flexion sit-ups for the iliacus and sartorius muscles, while the opposite was true for rectus femoris muscles. These data could serve as a basis for improving the design and specificity of test and training exercises.

  • 5.
    Andersson, Eva A
    et al.
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap, Laboratoriet för biomekanik och motorisk kontroll (BMC).
    Nilsson, Johnny
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap, Laboratoriet för biomekanik och motorisk kontroll (BMC).
    Thorstensson, Alf
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap, Laboratoriet för biomekanik och motorisk kontroll (BMC).
    Intramuscular EMG from the hip flexor muscles during human locomotion.1997Inngår i: Acta Physiologica Scandinavica, ISSN 0001-6772, E-ISSN 1365-201X, Vol. 161, nr 3, s. 361-70Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    The purpose was to investigate the activation pattern of five major hip flexor muscles and its adaptation to changing speed and mode of progression. A total of 11 healthy subjects performed walking and running on a motor-driven treadmill at speeds ranging from 1.0 to 6.0 m s-1. Intramuscular fine-wire electrodes were used to record myoelectric signals from the iliacus, psoas, sartorius, rectus femoris and tensor fascia latae muscles. The basic pattern, with respect to number of activation periods, remained the same irrespective of speed and mode of progression. However, differences in the relative duration and timing of onset of activation occurred between individual muscles. Over the speed range in walking, a progressively earlier onset was generally seen for the activation period related to hip flexion. Changes in EMG amplitude were measured in the iliacus and psoas muscles and showed a marked increase and difference between walking and running at speeds above 2.0 m s-1. Thus, the alternating flexion-extension movements at the hip during locomotion appear to be governed by a rather fixed 'neural program' which normally only needs minor modulations to accomplish the adjustments accompanying an increase in speed of progression as well as a change from walking to running.

  • 6.
    Andersson, Eva A.
    et al.
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap, Laboratoriet för biomekanik och motorisk kontroll (BMC).
    Rönquist, Gustaf
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap.
    Oddsson, Kristjan
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap.
    Ekblom, Örjan
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap, Björn Ekbloms forskningsgrupp.
    Nilsson, Johnny
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap, Laboratoriet för tillämpad idrottsvetenskap (LTIV).
    Äldre blir starkare av Hälsoprojektet2013Inngår i: Svensk Idrottsforskning: Organ för Centrum för Idrottsforskning, ISSN 1103-4629, Vol. 22, nr 1, s. 25-27Artikkel i tidsskrift (Annet vitenskapelig)
    Abstract [sv]

    En god kondition och styrka har samband med förbättrad hälsa, minskad förekomst av flera folksjukdomar samt ökad livslängd. Fysiologiska tester kan vara stimulerande för äldre att följa utvecklingen av sin fysiska kapacitet och för olika aktörer som vill göra hälsoutvärderingar.

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 7.
    Andersson, Eva
    et al.
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap, Laboratoriet för tillämpad idrottsvetenskap (LTIV).
    Nilsson, Johnny
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap, Laboratoriet för tillämpad idrottsvetenskap (LTIV).
    Can a six-minute shuttle walk test predict maximal oxygen uptake?2011Inngår i: Gazzetta Medica Italiana, ISSN 0393-3660, E-ISSN 1827-1812, Vol. 170, nr 3, s. 163-70Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Aim. This study evaluates the results of and correlations between the six-minute walk-test (6MWT) and a maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) test among physically active young adults.

    Methods. Sixty-three adults (33 females and 30 males) aged 18-38 years participated. 6MWT and a maximal running treadmill test for measurements of VO2max were performed. 6MWT reliability was also evaluated.

    Results. Mean distance in the 6MWT for the females was 848 (685-976) m and for the males 866 (704-1077) m. The gender differences were considerably less for the 6MWT (2%) than in the VO2max test, both normalized to body weight (21%) and in absolute form (35%). The mean values, for the female and male subjects in the VO2max were 46.7 and 58.9 ml/kg/min and 2.94 and 4.53 l/min, respectively. The data showed a very low, not significant, correlation (r=-0.02-0.32) between walking distance in the 6MWT and VO2max.

    Conclusions: The 6MWT-distance for this physically active young adult group, which previously not has been studied, was considerably higher than in earlier reports for various other groups. In contrast to several prior studies, especially involving people with various diseases, the present data, on healthy active adults, showed that distance in the 6MWT cannot predict maximal oxygen uptake. The present results may be related to the low potential of walking as a locomotor form to tax the cardio-respiratory system sufficiently for this group. Since aerobic capacity is correlated with increased survival, these new data and given comparisons with previous reports are specially valuable when evaluating fitness in various sports and health contexts. 

     

  • 8.
    Andersson, Eva
    et al.
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap, Laboratoriet för tillämpad idrottsvetenskap (LTIV).
    Oddsson, Kristjan
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap, Laboratoriet för tillämpad idrottsvetenskap (LTIV).
    Nilsson, Johnny
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap, Laboratoriet för tillämpad idrottsvetenskap (LTIV).
    Ekblom, Örjan
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap, Björn Ekbloms forskningsgrupp.
    Wahlgren, Lina
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap, FoU-gruppen för rörelse, hälsa och miljö.
    Kjellman, Bengt
    Jonsson, Bo
    Taube, Jill
    Improved Physical Capacity in a Project with Guided Physical Activity for Persons with Depression or Anxiety.2010Konferansepaper (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Higher physical capacity is correlated with increased health. Knowledge in this area regarding psychiatric diseases is sparse. 

    Purpose: The aim was to study aerobic and several strength capacities in a physical activity project for persons with depression or anxiety.

    Methods: Eighty-four persons (56 women and 28 men) with depression or anxiety were recruited from psychiatric out-patient clinics in Stockholm. Their mean age and BMI was 46 (21-80) years and 26 (17-41) kg/m2, respectively. 50% were sick-listed. 50% had BMI>25. Aerobic and strength tests were chosen by each subgroup´s project leaders. Directed physical activity was given, in groups 10-15, 1 hour twice/week during 8-12 weeks.

    Results: Significant changes (p<0.05, of all n=84) between pre- and post tests were seen in submaximal cycle test (11% enhanced values, n=56) and distance of 6 minutes walk test (16%, n=15) as well as in strength tests for the back for the back (i.e. time in static horizontal belly-back, 40%, n=44), abdominal and hip flexors (i.e. number of hip flexion sit-ups, 45%, n=38), leg (i.e. standing with 90O in hips and knees, 48%, n=56) and arm with shoulder muscles (i.e. number of raising weights alternately with the arms, 46%, n=32). Hand grip tests, BMI or blood pressure values did not change significantly.

    Conclusions: Directed 8-12 weeks physical activity programs can improve physical fitness in individuals with depression or anxiety.

  • 9.
    Andersson, Eva
    et al.
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap, Laboratoriet för biomekanik och motorisk kontroll (BMC).
    Oddsson, L
    Grundström, H
    Nilsson, Johnny
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap, Laboratoriet för biomekanik och motorisk kontroll (BMC).
    Thorstensson, Alf
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap, Laboratoriet för biomekanik och motorisk kontroll (BMC).
    EMG activities of the quadratus lumborum and erector spinae muscles during flexion-relaxation and other motor tasks.1996Inngår i: Clinical biomechanics (Bristol, Avon), Vol. 11, nr 7, s. 392-400Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to provide new information on the myoelectrical activation of the quadratus lumborum, the deep lateral and the superficial medial lumbar erector spinae, the psoas, and the iliacus muscles in various motor tasks. DESIGN: An intramuscular electromyographic study was performed. BACKGROUND: The contribution of individual deep trunk muscles to the stability of the lumbar spine is relatively unknown in different tasks, including the flexion-relaxation phenomenon. METHODS: Seven healthy subjects participated. Fine-wire electrodes were inserted with a needle guided by ultrasound. RESULTS: The highest activity observed for quadratus lumborum and deep lateral erector spinae occurred in ipsilateral trunk flexion in a side-lying position and for superficial medial erector spinae during bilateral leg lift in a prone position. Quadratus lumborum and deep lateral erector spinae were activated when the flexion-relaxation phenomenon was present for superficial medial erector spinae, i.e. when its activity ceased in the latter part of full forward flexion of the trunk, held relaxed and kyphotic. CONCLUSIONS: In general, the activation of the investigated muscles showed a high degree of task specificity, where activation of a certain muscle was not always predictable from its anatomical arrangement and mechanical advantage.

  • 10.
    Andersson, Helena
    et al.
    Örebro University, Sweden.
    Raastad, Truls
    Nilsson, Johnny
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap, Laboratoriet för biomekanik och motorisk kontroll (BMC).
    Paulsen, Gøran
    Garthe, Ina
    Kadi, Fawzi
    Neuromuscular fatigue and recovery in elite female soccer: effects of active recovery.2008Inngår i: Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, ISSN 0195-9131, E-ISSN 1530-0315, Vol. 40, nr 2, s. 372-80Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    PURPOSE: To investigate the time course of recovery from neuromuscular fatigue and some biochemical changes between two female soccer matches separated by an active or passive recovery regime. METHODS: Countermovement jump (CMJ), sprint performance, maximal isokinetic knee flexion and extension, creatine kinase (CK), urea, uric acid, and perceived muscle soreness were measured in 17 elite female soccer players before, immediately after, 5, 21, 45, 51, and 69 h after a first match, and immediately after a second match. Eight players performed active recovery (submaximal cycling at 60% of HRpeak and low-intensity resistance training at < 50% 1RM) 22 and 46 h after the first match. RESULTS: In response to the first match, a significant decrease in sprint performance (-3.0 +/- 0.5%), CMJ (-4.4 +/- 0.8%), peak torque in knee extension (-7.1 +/- 1.9%) and flexion (-9.4 +/- 1.8%), and an increase in CK (+ 152 +/- 28%), urea (15 +/- 2), uric acid (+ 11 +/- 2%), and muscle soreness occurred. Sprint ability was first to return to baseline (5 h) followed by urea and uric acid (21 h), isokinetic knee extension (27 h) and flexion (51 h), CK, and muscle soreness (69 h), whereas CMJ was still reduced at the beginning of the second match. There were no significant differences in the recovery pattern between the active and passive recovery groups. The magnitude of the neuromuscular and biochemical changes after the second match was similar to that observed after the first match. CONCLUSION: The present study reveals differences in the recovery pattern of the various neuromuscular and biochemical parameters in response to a female soccer match. The active recovery had no effects on the recovery pattern of the four neuromuscular and three biochemical parameters.

  • 11. Andersson, Håkan
    et al.
    Johansson, Tim
    Fröjd, Kennet
    Nilsson, Johnny
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap.
    Träningslära för rullstolsåkning2007Bok (Annet (populærvitenskap, debatt, mm))
    Abstract [sv]

    Spridd över hela världen finns det mycket kunskap om rullstolsträning, men det har inte tidigare funnits samlat någonstans. Samtidigt finns behov av ytterligare forskning inom området. Flera års litteraturstudier, erfarenhets – och datainsamling samt forskningsstudier har resulterat i denna bok. En stor del av utrymmet i boken ägnas åt styrketräning då detta är viktigt ur ett idrotts- rehabiliterings- och folkhälsoperspektiv. Detta gäller för såväl rullstolsidrottare som andra rullstolsbrukare. Författarkvartetten som skrivit boken är sammantaget etablerade inom såväl den paralympiska som den olympiska idrotten och också i forskarvärlden.

    Download (jpg)
    presentationsbild
  • 12.
    Askling, Carl
    et al.
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap, Laboratoriet för biomekanik och motorisk kontroll (BMC).
    Nilsson, Johnny
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap, Laboratoriet för biomekanik och motorisk kontroll (BMC).
    Thorstensson, Alf
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap, Laboratoriet för biomekanik och motorisk kontroll (BMC).
    A new hamstring test to complement the common clinical examination before return to sport after injury2010Inngår i: Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy, ISSN 0942-2056, E-ISSN 1433-7347, Vol. 18, nr 12, s. 1788-1803Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    PURPOSE: The aim was to introduce and evaluate the reliability and validity of an active hamstring flexibility test as a complement to common clinical examination when determining safe return to sport after hamstring injury.

    METHODS: Eleven healthy subjects (28 years) were tested on repeated occasions, and 11 athletes (21 years) with MRI-verified acute hamstring strain were tested when common clinical examination revealed no signs of remaining injury, i.e. there was no differences between the legs in palpation pain, manual strength tests, and passive straight leg raise. Flexibility, i.e. highest range of motion of three consecutive trials, was calculated from electrogoniometer data during active ballistic hip flexions and conventional passive slow hip-flexions in a supine position. A VAS-scale (0-100) was used to estimate experience of insecurity during active tests.

    RESULTS: No significant test-retest differences were observed. Intra-class correlation coefficients ranged 0.94-0.99 and coefficients of variation 1.52-4.53%. Active flexibility was greater (23%) than passive flexibility. In the athletes, the injured leg showed smaller (8%) active, but not passive, flexibility than the uninjured leg. Average insecurity estimation was 52 (range 28-98) for the injured and 0 for the uninjured leg, respectively.

    CONCLUSION: The new test showed high reliability and construct validity; furthermore, it seems to be sensitive enough to detect differences both in active flexibility and in insecurity after acute hamstring strains at a point in time when the commonly used clinical examination fails to reveal injury signs. Thus, the test could be a complement to the common clinical examination before the final decision to return to sport is made.

  • 13.
    Bjerkefors, Anna
    et al.
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap, Laboratoriet för biomekanik och motorisk kontroll (BMC).
    Tinmark, Fredrik
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap, Laboratoriet för biomekanik och motorisk kontroll (BMC).
    Nilsson, Johnny
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap, Laboratoriet för tillämpad idrottsvetenskap (LTIV).
    Arndt, Anton
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap, Laboratoriet för biomekanik och motorisk kontroll (BMC).
    Seated Double-Poling Ergometer Performance of Individuals with Spinal Cord Injury - A New Ergometer Concept for Standardized Upper Body Exercise2013Inngår i: International Journal of Sports Medicine, ISSN 0172-4622, E-ISSN 1439-3964, Vol. 34, nr 2, s. 176-182Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    This study aimed to evaluate biomechanics during seated double-poling exercises in individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) and to compare these with those of able-bodied persons (AB). 26 participants volunteered for the study; 13 with SCI (injury levels C7-T12), and 13 AB. A seated double-poling ergometer (SDPE) was developed. 3-dimensional kinematics was measured and piezoelectric force sensors were used to register force in both poles for calculation of power during incremental intensities. Significantly lower power outputs, (143.2 ± 51.1 vs. 198.3 ± 74.9 W) and pole forces (137.1 ± 43.1 vs. 238.2 ± 81.2 N) were observed during maximal effort in SCI compared to AB. Sagittal upper trunk range of motion increased with intensity and ranged from 6.1–34.8 ° for SCI, and 6.9–31.3 ° for AB, with larger peak amplitudes in flexion for AB (31.4 ± 12.9 °) compared to SCI (10.0 ± 8.0 °). All subjects with SCI were able to exercise on the SDPE. Upper body kinematics, power and force outputs increased with intensity in both groups, but were in general, lower in SCI. In conclusion, the SDPE could be successfully used at low to high work intensities enabling both endurance and strength training for individuals with SCI

  • 14.
    Brun Sundblad, Gunilla
    et al.
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap.
    Mechbach, Jane
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap.
    Lundvall, Suzanne
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap.
    Nilsson, Johnny
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap.
    Orka hela vägen: Upplevd hälsa, idrotts- och träningsbakgrund bland studenter på en fysiskt inriktad yrkesutbildning.  Lärarstudenter GIH 2008 delrapport 1: 20092010Rapport (Annet vitenskapelig)
    Abstract [sv]

    Sammanfattning

    Ett sammanfattande porträtt av den nyantagna lärarstudenten vid GIH med utgångspunkt från enkätsvaren ger vid handen en bild av en person, som är ca 21 år gammal, född i Sverige och uppvuxen i en medelstor stad i Mellansverige. Studenten trivdes mycket bra i skolan och var som elev något över medel med MVG i idrott och hälsa.

    Valet av yrkesutbildning grundade sig på ett stort intresse för idrott, samt en önskan att få jobba med barn och ungdom. Studievalet hade för många påverkats av en tidigare idrotts-lärare, kompisar och familj. En bra lärare i idrott och hälsa är enligt studenten positiv, engagerad, rättvis, bestämd och kunnig.

    Lärarstudenten ser sig behärska bollspel väl. Störst kunskap och färdighet uppges i fot-boll och alpin skidåkning. Minst kunskap och färdighet skattades i softboll, baseboll, bergsklättring, långfärdsskridskoåkning och i konsten att kunna valla skidor. Många ser sig ha god kunskap om sambandet mellan hälsa, livsstil och miljö, men mindre god om hur en idrottsaktivitet har betydelse för kulturarvet, samband mellan miljö och männi-skans hälsa i ett historiskt och nutidsperspektiv samt i ergonomi.

    På sin fritid går lärarstudenten ofta på idrottsevenemang, café, tittar på TV och video eller umgås med vänner och familj. Lärarstudenten går sällan på bio och nästan aldrig på tea-ter, museum eller vernissager. "Vad är vernissage?" undrar en student.

    Hälsan, både fysiskt och psykiskt, skattas som tillfredsställande och man känner ofta hopp, glädje och meningsfullhet. Emellertid finner man sig även ofta stressad på grund av tidsbrist och alla krav. Många kvinnliga studenter (41%) rapporterade ryggont och många, både kvinnor och män, beskrev att de har besvär från en skadad fotled eller knä. De flesta lärarstudenterna är regelbundet fysiskt aktiva och de finner att mängden motion delvis är tillfredsställande.

    Förväntningarna är höga på utbildningen både att den är mångsidig och kommer att ge ökad kunskap inom olika områden. Under studietiden förväntar man sig att utvecklas och förbättra sin egen fysiska status och hälsa. En student uttrycker det med orden: "Mitt nya liv startar idag". Den sammanfattande bilden av lärarstudenten på GIH liknar den som tidigare har redovisats av Meckbach och Wedman i en liknande studie från maj 2005. Deras studie genomfördes på studenter efter ett års studier på GIH (Meckbach & Wed-man, 2007).

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    FULLTEXT01
  • 15.
    Cardinale, Daniele A.
    et al.
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap, Åstrandlaboratoriet, Forskningsgruppen Mitokondriell funktion och metabolisk kontroll.
    Nilsson, Johnny
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap, Laboratoriet för biomekanik och motorisk kontroll (BMC). Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap, Laboratoriet för tillämpad idrottsvetenskap (LTIV).
    Cardinale, Marco
    Comparative multiple sensor approach for power calculation in loaded squat jump and power clean2013Inngår i: Comparative multiple sensor approach for power calculation in loaded squat jump and power clean, 2013Konferansepaper (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Introduction

    Power output is a critical component of athletic performance (McGuigan et al., 2012); therefore, strength and conditioning specialists are nowadays employed to help athletes increase the power-generating capacity in specific motor tasks. Due to the widespread need to assess power output in common strength training exercises, the development and validation of various assessment approaches has led to studies aimed at identifying the external optimal load (OL) to maximize power output (Cormie et al., 2007). The aim of this study was to compare conventionally used linear position transducer and force plate based methods with a new methodology for calculation of peak power (PP) and average power (AP) output in conjunction with the load-power relationship.

    Methods

    Nineteen male elite athletes performed loaded squat jump (LSJ) and power clean (PC) with different external loads to determine the load/power relationship. Nine methods were used simultaneously in data collection: vertical ground reaction force (VGRF), ground reaction force (GRF) i.e. vertical, anterio-posterior and medio-lateral reaction force components, 1 linear encoder (1Encoder), 1 linear position transducer (1LPT), 1LPT and VGRF (1LPT+VGRF), 2 linear position transducers (2LPTs), 2LPTs and VGRF (2LPTs+VGRF), 5 linear position transducers (5LPTs), 5LPTs and GRF (5LPTs+GRF; novel method). Power output was calculated for each lift according to the sensor or sensors simultaneously used and the results were compared.

    Results

    Power output calculated separately with LPTs and GRF method differed significantly from combined methods such as 1LPT+VGRF, 2LPTs+VGRF, and 5LPTs+GRF (novel method). The optimal load in LSJ and PC with respect to PP output was identified at loads between 30 and 50% of their body mass (bm), respectively; and with respect to AP output equal to loads between 85 and 75% of bm, respectively.

    Discussion

    This study indicates that test methodology influences the results of the power output and the load–power relationship in LSJ and PC exercises. The results of this study suggest the possibility that the combined methods provide a better representation of muscle power generation during dynamic movements involving the non-linear trajectories of the barbell than kinematic or kinetic methods alone.

    References

    Cormie, P., McBride, J. M., & McCaulley, G. O. (2007). J Appl Biomech, 23(2), 103-118. McGuigan. (2012). Strength and Power Assessment Protocols. Physiological Tests for Elite Athletes (2nd ed., pp. 207-230). Stanningley Leeds, United Kingdom: Human Kinetics.

  • 16. Carlson, H
    et al.
    Nilsson, Johnny
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap, Laboratoriet för biomekanik och motorisk kontroll (BMC).
    Thorstensson, Alf
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap, Laboratoriet för biomekanik och motorisk kontroll (BMC).
    Zomlefer, M R
    Motor responses in the human trunk due to load perturbations.1981Inngår i: Acta Physiologica Scandinavica, ISSN 0001-6772, E-ISSN 1365-201X, Vol. 111, nr 2, s. 221-3Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
  • 17. Carlson, H
    et al.
    Thorstensson, Alf
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap, Laboratoriet för biomekanik och motorisk kontroll (BMC).
    Nilsson, Johnny
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap, Laboratoriet för biomekanik och motorisk kontroll (BMC).
    Lumbar back muscle activity during locomotion: effects of voluntary modifications of normal trunk movements.1988Inngår i: Acta Physiologica Scandinavica, ISSN 0001-6772, E-ISSN 1365-201X, Vol. 133, nr 3, s. 343-53Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    The mechanisms of adaptation of the trunk to changed mechanical conditions were studied during locomotion in man. The myoelectrical (EMG) activity in lumbar back muscles and the movements of the trunk were recorded in nine healthy subjects during walking and running on a motor-driven treadmill. Two different types of voluntary modifications of the movement pattern were used: (1) The trunk was kept in an extreme forward or backward tilted position. In both these situations the basic EMG pattern with two periods of activity per stride cycle was maintained during walking, whereas a major shift relative to the stride cycle (25% of the stride cycle duration) occurred in running with the trunk tilted backwards. The synchrony of the back muscle activation at both sides increased when locomotion was performed with the trunk tilted forwards. The relative duration of the EMG bursts was similar to normal locomotion and corresponded to 15-26% of the stride cycle duration in walking and 23-37% in running. (2) In the other type of modification the subjects were instructed to exaggerate the angular trunk movements either in the sagittal or in the frontal plane. The basic EMG pattern and phase relationships remained in most cases unchanged. One exception was running with exaggerated lateral movements, in which only one period of back muscle activity per stride cycle was observed. The relative duration of the bursts was longer in trials with exaggerated trunk movements as compared to normal locomotion. In walking and running with the trunk tilted forwards or backwards the lumbar back muscles were not always involved as prime movers of the trunk. This was in contrast to the more dynamic situations, in which the back muscle activity appeared to be directly involved in braking and reversing the exaggerated trunk movements.

  • 18.
    Carlsson, Magnus
    et al.
    Dalarna University.
    Nilsson, Johnny
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap, Laboratoriet för biomekanik och motorisk kontroll (BMC). Dalarna University.
    Hellström, John
    Halmstad University.
    Tinmark, Fredrik
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap, Laboratoriet för biomekanik och motorisk kontroll (BMC).
    Carlsson, Tomas
    Dalarna University.
    The effect of ball temperature on ball speed and carry distance in golf drives2019Inngår i: Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part P: Journal of Sports Engineering and Technology, ISSN 1754-3371, Vol. 233, nr 2, s. 186-192Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of ball temperature on impact ball speed and carry distance during golf drives in a blind randomized test design. The balls were exposed to a temperature-controlled environment (4?°C, 18?°C, 32?°C, and 46?°C) for 24?h prior to the test and each temperature group consisted of 30 balls. The 120 drives were performed by an elite male golfer (handicap: 0.0) in an indoor driving range. All drives were measured by a Doppler-radar system to determine the club-head speed, launch angle, spin rate, ball speed, and carry distance. Differences between the groups were investigated using a one-way analysis of variance. The results indicated that ball-speed and carry-distance differences occurred within the four groups (p?<?0.001 and p?<?0.01, respectively). The post hoc analyses showed that the ball temperatures of 18?°C and 32?°C had greater ball speeds and carry distances than balls at 4?°C and 46?°C (all p?<?0.05). The intervals for the between-group differences were 0.6?0.7?m?s?1 and 2.9?3.9?m for ball speed and carry distance, respectively. Hence, the results showed that ball temperature influences both the ball speed and the carry distance. Based on the findings in this study, standardization of ball temperature should be factored into governing body regulation tests for golf equipment.

  • 19.
    Carlsson, Tomas
    et al.
    Högskolan Dalarna.
    Nilsson, Johnny
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap, Laboratoriet för biomekanik och motorisk kontroll (BMC). Högskolan Dalarna.
    Hellström, John
    Svenska golfförbundet.
    Tinmark, Fredrik
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap, Laboratoriet för biomekanik och motorisk kontroll (BMC).
    Carlsson, Magnus
    Högskolan Dalarna.
    The effect of ball temperature on ball speed and carry distance in golf drives2018Konferansepaper (Annet vitenskapelig)
    Abstract [en]

    THE EFFECT OF BALL TEMPERATURE ON BALL SPEED AND CARRY DISTANCE IN GOLF DRIVES Carlsson, T.1, Nilsson, J.1,2, Hellström, J.3, Tinmark, F.2, Carlsson, M.1. 1: Dalarna University (Falun, Sweden), 2: The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences (Stockholm, Sweden), 3: The Swedish Golf Federation (Stockholm, Sweden). 

    Introduction

    Previously it was reported that golf-ball temperature has influence on the golf balls’ coefficient of restitution, impact duration, and maximal deformation (Allen et al., 2012). They concluded that their research was the first step in a process for determining the effect of temperature on a golf drive. However, how large influence the golf-ball temperature has on golf drives remains to be investigated. The purpose was to investigate the effect of ball temperature on impact ball speed and carry distance during golf drives in a blind randomized test design. 

    Methods

    The balls were exposed to a temperature-controlled environment (4°C, 18°C, 32°C, and 46°C) for twenty-four hours prior to the test, and each of the four different ball-temperature groups consisted of 30 balls. The 120 drives were performed by an elite male golfer (handicap: 0.0) in an indoor driving range. All drives were measured by a Doppler-radar system to determine club-head speed, launch angle, spin rate, ball speed, and carry distance. Differences between the four ball-temperature groups were investigate using a one-way analysis of variance. 

    Results

    The results indicate that there are ball-speed and carry-distance differences within the four ball-temperature groups (P &lt; 0.001 and P &lt; 0.01, respectively). The post-hoc analyses showed that the ball temperatures 18°C and 32°C had both greater ball speeds and carry distances compared to the balls in the ball-temperature groups 4°C and 46°C (all P &lt; 0.05); the intervals for the between-group differences were 2.0 to 2.4 km/h and 2.9 to 3.9 m for ball speed and carry distance, respectively.

    Conclusion

    The novel results of the current study show that the ball’s temperature has a significant effect on the ball speed after club-head impact and carry distance for drives performed by an elite golfer. The ball temperatures 18°C and 32°C gave significantly increased ball speeds and carry distances compared to the ball-temperature groups 4°C and 46°C. This knowledge could be used to maximise the carry distance and/or to minimise the carry-distance variability related to ball temperature.

    REFERENCES: Allen T, Bowley A, Wood P, Henrikson E, Morales E, James D. (2012) Procedia Eng, 34, 634-639.

  • 20. Danielsson, Evelina
    et al.
    Oddsson, Kristjan
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap.
    Nilsson, Johnny
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap.
    Fredriksson, Mårten
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap.
    Ovendal, Alexander
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap.
    Ekblom, Örjan
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap.
    Wahlgren, Lina
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap.
    Hultgren, Staffan
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap.
    Andersson, Eva
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap.
    Hälsoprojekt med ledarledd fysisk aktivitet för äldre2012Konferansepaper (Annet vitenskapelig)
    Abstract [sv]

    Bakgrund och syfte. Syftet med hälsoprojektet under 8-12 veckor för äldre är att ge ledarledd fysisk aktivitet 2 gånger/vecka samt att utvärdera upplevd hälsa, förändring av livsstilssvanor samt fysisk kapacitet. Hälsoprojektet är ett fortlöpande samarbete mellan Solna stad och Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan (GIH) och utförs under vårterminerna sedan ett flertal år.

    Metod. Individerna anmäler sitt deltagande själva. Det kostnadsfria hälsoprojektet utförs inom undervisningen i Folkhälsa i regi av GIH-studenter under handledning av verksamhetschefen i Solna stad och lärare/läkare på GIH. Den ledarledda fysiska aktiviteten utgörs primärt av stavgång, motionsgymnastik, vattengymnastik samt styrketräning. Initialt och i slutet av perioden besvarar deltagarna en hälsoenkät angående upplevd hälsa och livsstilsvanor om fysisk aktivitet, kost, sömn, rökning och alkohol samt utför några olika fysiologiska tester i samband med ett hälsosamtal.

    Resultat. Exempel på sammanställda resultat ges här för de 117 äldre som fullföljde hela projektet under en vårtermin (för kvinnorna var antalet samt medelvärden för ålder och BMI 99, 74år och 26 respektive för männen 18, 73år och 25). Efter avslutat projekt sågs för gruppen som helhet generellt en signifikant förbättrad upplevd fysisk och mental hälsa, kondition och styrka i buk-, ben- och armmuskulatur. För kvinnorna observerades även en ökad balansförmåga och uthållighet i ryggmusklerna. Enkätfrågorna angående fysiska aktivitetsvanor och stillasittande visade på, efter avslutat projekt, en förändring till en mer aktiv livsstil.

    Slutsats/Diskussion. Således kan utvärderade 8-12 veckors hälsoprojekt med ledarledd fysisk aktivitet för äldre bidra till förbättrad upplevd hälsa, ökade fysiska aktivitetsvanor, minskat stillasittande och bättre fysiska kapaciteter såsom kondition, styrka och balans som är positivt korrelerade till ökad livslängd och minskad förekomst av en mängd olika folksjukdomar och skador. Fler projekt och studier behövs framöver med ytterligare uppföljningar, jämförelser och för att vidareutveckla olika fysiologiska tester och andra hälsoparametrar som kan ha positiva samband med ökad hälsa.

  • 21.
    Ekblom, Björn
    et al.
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap.
    Nilsson, Johnny
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap.
    Aktivt liv: vetenskap & praktik2000Bok (Annet (populærvitenskap, debatt, mm))
    Abstract [sv]

    En halvtimmes promenad varje dag ger oss människor den bästa medicin som existerar. Vi blir både friskare, lever längre och får mer livskvalitet genom att röra oss lite varje dag. Aktivt liv är en gedigen faktabok som täcker den viktigaste och mest aktuella forskningen inom området idrott & hälsa. Boken rymmer en enorm mängd användbar kunskap, tips och idéer för dig som är intresserad av området. Aktivt liv fungerade utmärkt som fakta- och idébank inför rörelseåret 2001 - Sätt Sverige i rörelse.

    Download (jpg)
    presentationsbild
  • 22.
    Eliasson, Jörgen
    et al.
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap, Eva Blomstrands forskningsgrupp.
    Elfegoun, Thibault
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap.
    Nilsson, Johnny
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap.
    Köhnke, Rickard
    Ekblom, Björn
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap.
    Blomstrand, Eva
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap, Eva Blomstrands forskningsgrupp.
    Maximal lengthening contractions increase p70 S6 kinase phosphorylation in human skeletal muscle in the absence of nutritional supply.2006Inngår i: American Journal of Physiology. Endocrinology and Metabolism, ISSN 0193-1849, E-ISSN 1522-1555, Vol. 291, nr 6, s. 1197-1205Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    The aim of this study was to compare the training stimuli of eccentric (lengthening) and concentric (shortening) contractions regarding the effect on signaling enzymes involved in protein synthesis. Ten male subjects performed 4 x 6 maximal eccentric contractions on one leg followed by 4 x 6 maximal concentric contractions on the other. Six additional subjects performed the same protocol, but with maximal concentric and submaximal eccentric exercise of equal force to that of the maximal concentric contractions. Muscle biopsy samples were taken from the vastus lateralis before, immediately after, and 1 and 2 h after exercise in both legs. The average peak force produced during the maximal eccentric exercise was 31% higher than during the maximal concentric exercise, 2,490 (+/-100) vs. 1,894 (+/-108) N (P < 0.05). The maximal eccentric contractions led to two- to eightfold increases in the phosphorylation of p70 S6 kinase (p70(S6k)) and the ribosomal protein S6 that persisted for 2 h into recovery but no significant changes in phosphorylation of Akt or mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). Maximal concentric and submaximal eccentric contractions did not induce any significant changes in Akt, mTOR, p70(S6k), or S6 phosphorylation up to 2 h after the exercise. The results indicate that one session of maximal eccentric contractions activates p70(S6k) in human muscle via an Akt-independent pathway and suggest that maximal eccentric contractions are more effective than maximal concentric contractions in stimulating protein synthesis in the absence of a nutritional intake, an effect that may be mediated through a combination of greater tension and stretching of the muscle.

  • 23.
    Fredriksson, Mårten
    et al.
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap, Laboratoriet för tillämpad idrottsvetenskap (LTIV).
    Nilsson, Johnny
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap, Laboratoriet för tillämpad idrottsvetenskap (LTIV).
    Testmanual funktionella tester: allmänna testförberedelser, chins, dips, vertikala situps, hängande raka benlyft, vertikalhopp, Harres test, Beep-testet2003Rapport (Annet vitenskapelig)
    Abstract [sv]

    Ur förordet: I din hand håller du ”Testmanual - funktionella tester”. Den är ett resultat av arbetsinsatser gjorda under ett kursmoment i den fristående kursen ”Specialidrott med inriktning mot träning och prestation” (41-60p) vid Idrottshögskolan i Stockholm (år 2000-2001). Ett av delmålen i kursmomentet var att i detalj analysera mätförfarandet i ett antal etablerade funktionella tester och med utgångspunkt från denna analys sammanställa en testmanual. Testerna mäter flera  delkapaciteter i prestationsförmågan som t ex styrka, uthållighet och motorik. Författarteamet nedan tackar representanter för Sveriges Olympiska Kommitté, Riksidrottsförbundet och EIC Bosön för väsentliga bidrag i framtagandet av detta material.

    Innehåll:

    • ALLMÄNNA TESTFÖRBEREDELSER
    • Åtgärder före test Personuppgifter, Hälsodeklaration, Testinformation
    • Allmän checklista
    • STYRKETESTER - STYRKA & UTHÅLLIGHET I BÅL OCH ÖVERKROPP
    • Introduktion - Golden Four
    • Chins
    • Dips
    • Vertikala sit-ups
    • Hängande raka benlyft
    • STYRKETESTER - EXPLOSIV BENMUSKELSTYRKA
    • Introduktion – Vertikalhopp
    • Squat Jump (SJ)
    • Counter Movement Jump (CMJ)
    • KOORDINATION
    • Harres
    • UTHÅLLIGHET
    • Beep-test / shuttle-run test
    Fulltekst (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 24. Gjerset, Asbjørn
    et al.
    Nilsson, Johnny
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap.
    Wulf Helge, Jørn
    Enoksen, Eystein
    Idrettens treningslære2015 (oppl. 2)Bok (Annet (populærvitenskap, debatt, mm))
    Abstract [no]

    Den nye utgaven av Idrettens treningslære viser hvordan vi kan påvirke og utvikle en idrettsutøvers egenskaper og ferdigheter i gunstig retning.

    Boka omhandler først og fremst grunnleggende forhold ved trening som er felles for ulike idretter og målgrupper. I mange sammenhenger går boka også nærmere inn på mer spesifikke forhold ved treningen i forskjellige idretter. Særlig vektlegges

    • utvikling av egenskaper og ferdigheter som danner grunnlaget for den idrettslige prestasjonsevnen
    • planlegging, gjennomføring, dokumentasjon, analyse og evaluering av trening
    • fysiologiske, psykologiske og andre faktorer som er viktig for prestasjonen
    • belastning og tilpasning i forbindelse med trening
    • fysisk, motorisk, psykisk og sosial utvikling

    En treningslære som fungerer godt, hviler på både praktisk erfaring og bred analytisk tilnærming, og vitenskapelig dokumentasjon er en viktig del av dette. I denne boka kombineres derfor disse tilnærmingene.  

    Idrettens treningslære er skrevet for undervisning på universitets- og høgskolenivå, og for utdanningen av trenere i treningsbransjen og i idretten generelt. Boken har blitt til gjennom et samarbeid mellom treningsmiljøer i Norge, Sverige og Danmark. 17 forfattere har bidratt med sin kompetanse på sine fagfelt.

    (Information från förlaget)

    Download (jpg)
    presentationsbild
  • 25.
    Godhe, Manne
    et al.
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för fysisk aktivitet och hälsa. Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Pontén, Marjan
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för fysiologi, nutrition och biomekanik.
    Nilsson, Johnny
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för fysiologi, nutrition och biomekanik. Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Kallings, Lena
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för fysisk aktivitet och hälsa.
    Andersson, Eva
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för fysisk aktivitet och hälsa. Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Reliability of the accelerometer to control the effects of physical activity in older adults.2022Inngår i: PLOS ONE, E-ISSN 1932-6203, Vol. 17, nr 9, artikkel-id e0274442Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND: Reliable physical activity measurements in community-dwelling older adults are important to determine effects of targeted health promotion interventions. Many exercise interventions aim to improve time spent sedentary (SED), in light-intensity-physical-activity (LPA) and moderate-to-vigorous-intensity-physical-activity (MVPA), since these parameters have independently proposed associations with health and longevity. However, many previous studies rely on self-reports which have lower validity compared to accelerometer measured physical activity patterns. In addition, separating intervention-effects from reactivity measurements requires sufficient test-retest reliability for accelerometer assessments, which is lacking in older adults.

    OBJECTIVES: The study objective was to investigate the reliability of sensor-based PA-patterns in community-dwelling older adults. Furthermore, to investigate change over time of physical activity patterns and examine any compensatory-effect from the eight-week supervised exercise-intervention.

    METHODS: An exercise-group (n = 78, age-range:65-91yrs) performed two 1h-exercise sessions/week during eight-weeks. PA-pattern was assessed (using hip-worn accelerometers), twice before and once during the last-week of the intervention. A control-group (n = 43, age-range:65-88yrs) performed one pre-test and the end-test with no exercise-intervention. A dependent-t-test, mean-difference (95%-CI), limits-of-agreement and intraclass-correlation-coefficient-ICC were used between the two pre-tests. Repeated-measures-ANOVA were used to analyze any intervention-effects.

    RESULTS: The exercise-groups´ two pre-tests showed generally no systematic change in any PA- or SED-parameter (ICC ranged 0.75-0.90). Compared to the control group, the exercise intervention significantly (time x group-interaction, p<0.05) increased total-PA-cpm (exercise-group/control-group +17%/+7%) and MVPA-min/week (+41/-2min) and decreased %-of-wear-time for SED-total (-4.7%/-2.7%) and SED-bouts (-5.7%/-1.8%), and SED-bouts min/d (-46/-16min). At baseline level, no significant differences were found between the two groups for any parameter.

    CONCLUSIONS: The current study presents a good test-retest-reliability of sensor-based-one-week-assessed-PA-pattern in older-adults. Participating in an 8-week supervised exercise intervention improved some physical activity and sedentary parameters compared to the control group. No compensatory-effect was noted in the intervention-group i.e., no decrease in any PA-parameter or increase in SED at End-test (in %-of-wear-time, min/day or total-PA).

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 26. Grillner, S
    et al.
    Nilsson, Johnny
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap, Laboratoriet för biomekanik och motorisk kontroll (BMC).
    Thorstensson, Alf
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap, Laboratoriet för biomekanik och motorisk kontroll (BMC).
    Intra-abdominal pressure changes during natural movements in man.1978Inngår i: Acta Physiologica Scandinavica, ISSN 0001-6772, E-ISSN 1365-201X, Vol. 103, nr 3, s. 275-83Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    The weight of the upper part of the trunk is partially transmitted to the pelvis via the vertebral column. If the muscle walls around the abdominal cavity are contracted, a high pressure can be generated within the cavity (greater than 200 mmHg). The abdominal space can them transmit part of weight to, e.g., the upper part of the body, Intra-abdominal pressure recordings have been performed during locomotion and other natural movements with intragastric pressure recordings. With each step, there is a phasic variation in pressure, with its peak coinciding with that of the peak vertical force exerted by the leg against the ground. The peak values increase progressively with the speed of walking/running up to a mean of 38 mmHg and with trough values of 16 mmHg. The phasic variations with each step is due to a phasic activation of the abdominal muscles, with an EMG activity starting 50 ms or more before foot contact. If an extra load is put on the back, the posture changes and at the highest speed of running the pressure values are significantly higher than without this additional load. After a jump down from a moderate height of 0.4 m, the average increase is 89 mmHg and can often exceed 100 mmHg. These pressure changes are large and will presumably act to unload the spine under the prevailing biomechanical conditions and, in addition, there will no doubt be an effect on the circulatory system.

  • 27. Gullstrand, Lennart
    et al.
    Halvorsen, Kjartan
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap, Laboratoriet för biomekanik och motorisk kontroll (BMC).
    Tinmark, Fredrik
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap, Laboratoriet för biomekanik och motorisk kontroll (BMC).
    Eriksson, Martin
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap, Laboratoriet för biomekanik och motorisk kontroll (BMC).
    Nilsson, Johnny
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap, Laboratoriet för biomekanik och motorisk kontroll (BMC).
    Measurements of vertical displacement in running, a methodological comparison.2009Inngår i: Gait & posture, ISSN 1879-2219, Vol. 30, nr 1, s. 71-75Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    The aim was (1) to evaluate measurements of vertical displacements (V(disp)) of a single point on sacrum as an estimate of the whole body centre of mass (CoM) V(disp) during treadmill running and (2) to compare three methods for measuring this single point. These methods were based on a position transducer (PT), accelerometers (AMs) and an optoelectronic motion capture system. Criterion method was V(disp) of the whole body CoM measured with the motion capture system. Thirteen subjects ran at 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20 and 22kmh(-1) with synchronous recordings with the three methods. Four measurements of the (V(disp)) were derived: (1) V(disp) of CoM calculated from a segment model consisting of 13 segments tracked with 36 reflective markers, (2) V(disp) of the sacrum recorded with the PT, (3) V(disp) of the sacrum calculated from the AM, and (4) V(disp) of the sacrum calculated as the mid point of two reflective markers (sacrum marker, SM) attached at the level of the sacral bone. The systematic discrepancy between the measurements of sacrum V(disp) and CoM V(disp) varied between 0 and 1.5mm and decreased with increasing running velocity and decreasing step duration. PT and SM measurements showed strong correlation, whereas the AM showed a variability increasing with velocity. The random discrepancy within each subject was 7mm for all three methods. In conclusion single-point recordings of the sacrum V(disp) may be used to monitor changes in V(disp) of CoM during treadmill running.

  • 28. Gullstrand, Lennart
    et al.
    Nilsson, Johnny
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap, Laboratoriet för biomekanik och motorisk kontroll (BMC).
    A new method for recording the temporal pattern of stride during treadmill running2009Inngår i: Sports Engineering, ISSN 1369-7072, E-ISSN 1460-2687, nr 11, s. 195-200Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    The aim of this study was to investigate the reliability of a new infrared light based method (IR40) for recording temporal stride patterns during treadmill running. The IR40 device, emitting a tight web of 40 infrared light beams 10 mm above the treadmill running surface, was compared to a previously validated electro-pneumatic contact shoe (CS) method while nine well-trained athletes ran at 2.8, 3.3, 3.9, 4.4, 5.0, and 5.6 m s−1. Disconnection and reconnection of the IR beams marked the stance phase. The sampling rate was 500 Hz for both methods. The stance phase duration was on average 11.5 (±8.4) ms longer with the IR40 than with the CS depending on earlier touch down (8.3 ± 6.2 ms) and delayed toe off (3.2 ± 5.3 ms) registrations. Significantly different stance phases were recorded between all velocities and for both methods. Thus, despite the fact that the IR40 systematically measured a somewhat longer stance phase duration than CS, the IR40 is nonetheless useful for temporal stride analysis during treadmill running.      

  • 29.
    Halvorsen, Kjartan
    et al.
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap, Laboratoriet för biomekanik och motorisk kontroll (BMC).
    Eriksson, Martin
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap, Laboratoriet för biomekanik och motorisk kontroll (BMC).
    Gullstrand, Lennart
    Tinmark, Fredrik
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap, Laboratoriet för biomekanik och motorisk kontroll (BMC).
    Nilsson, Johnny
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap, Laboratoriet för biomekanik och motorisk kontroll (BMC).
    Minimal marker set for center of mass estimation in running.2009Inngår i: Gait & Posture, ISSN 0966-6362, E-ISSN 1879-2219, Vol. 30, nr 4, s. 552-555Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    The purpose was to study the validity of a recently proposed method [Forsell C, Halvorsen K. A method for determining minimal sets of markers for the estimation of center of mass, linear and angular momentum. Journal of Biomechanics 2009;42(3):361-5] for estimating the trajectory of the whole-body center of mass (CoM) in the case of running at velocities ranging from 10 to 22 kmh(-1). The method gives an approximation to the CoM using the position of fewer markers on the body than the standard method of tracking each segment of the body. Fourteen male athletes participated. A standard method for determining the CoM from a model of 13 segments and using the position of 36 markers was used as reference method. Leave-one-out cross-validation revealed errors that decreased with increasing number of markers used in the approximative method. Starting from four markers, the error in absolute position of the CoM decreased from 15mm to 3mm in each direction. For the velocity of the CoM the estimation bias was neglectable, and the random error decreased from 0.15 to 0.05 ms(-1). The inter-subject and intra-subject variability in the estimated model parameters increased with increasing number of markers. The method worked well also when applied to running at velocities outside the range of velocities in the data used to determine the model parameters. The results indicate that a model using 10 markers represents a good trade-off between simplicity and accuracy, but users must take into account requirements of their specific applications.

  • 30.
    Hellström, John
    et al.
    Örebro universitet.
    Nilsson, Johnny
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap, Laboratoriet för biomekanik och motorisk kontroll (BMC).
    Isberg, Leif
    Örebro universitet.
    Drive for dough. PGA Tour golfers' tee shot functional accuracy, distance and hole score.2014Inngår i: Journal of Sports Sciences, ISSN 0264-0414, E-ISSN 1466-447X, Vol. 32, nr 5, s. 462-9Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    A player's ability to score low is critical to the tournament outcome in golf. The relationships of round scores to fairways hit in regulation or striking distance on two holes per round have been investigated before with some disagreement. The purpose is therefore to examine the relationships of par-4 and par-5 hole scores to tee shot functional accuracy and distance, measured as lie of the ball and penalty, and striking distance or distance to the pin for the second shot. Such information is possible to collect without interviewing players. The best US Professional Golfers' Association Tour players' statistics during a season are used, provided by the Professional Golfers' Association Tour and ShotLink. Distance was measured with laser equipment. The results include significant (P < 0.05) correlations between score and striking distance or distance to pin, when hitting rough but not fairway on par-4s and when hitting fairway and rough on par-5s. It is therefore relevant, for performance, to consider the type of fairway miss as well as the striking distance in relation to the par and length of the hole. The findings can be considered when making gap and needs profiles, and when making tactical decisions for tee shots on different types of holes.

  • 31. Holmberg, Hans-Christer
    et al.
    Nilsson, Johnny
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap, Laboratoriet för biomekanik och motorisk kontroll (BMC).
    Reliability and validity of a new double poling ergometer for cross-country skiers.2008Inngår i: Journal of Sports Sciences, ISSN 0264-0414, E-ISSN 1466-447X, Vol. 26, nr 2, s. 171-9Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Thirty-eight competitive cross-country skiers were divided into three groups to assess the reliability and validity of a new double poling ergometer. Group A (n = 22) performed two maximal 60-s tests, Group B (n = 8) repeated peak oxygen uptake tests on the double poling ergometer, and Group C (n = 8) performed a maximal 6-min test on the double poling ergometer and a double poling time-trial on snow. The correlation between the power calculated at the flywheel and the power applied at the base of the poles was r = 0.99 (P < 0.05). The power at the poles was 50-70% higher than that at the flywheel. There was a high test-retest reliability in the two 60-s power output tests (coefficient of variation = 3.0%) and no significant difference in peak oxygen uptake in the two 6-min all-out tests (coefficient of variation = 2.4%). There was a strong correlation between the absolute (W) and relative power (W x kg(-1)) output in the 6-min double poling ergometer test and the double poling performance on snow (r = 0.86 and 0.89 respectively; both P < 0.05). In conclusion, our results show that the double poling ergometer has both high reliability and validity. However, the power calculated at the flywheel underestimated the total power produced and needs to be corrected for in ergonomic estimations.

  • 32. Holmberg, Hans-Christer
    et al.
    Nilsson, Johnny
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap, Laboratoriet för biomekanik och motorisk kontroll (BMC).
    Reliabilty and validity of new double poling ergometer for cross-country skiers2008Inngår i: Journal of Sports Sciences, ISSN 0264-0414, E-ISSN 1466-447X, Vol. 26, nr 2, s. 171-179Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Thirty-eight competitive cross-country skiers were divided into three groups to assess the reliability and validity of a new double poling ergometer. Group A (n = 22) performed two maximal 60-s tests, Group B (n = 8) repeated peak oxygen uptake tests on the double poling ergometer, and Group C (n = 8) performed a maximal 6-min test on the double poling ergometer and a double poling time-trial on snow. The correlation between the power calculated at the flywheel and the power applied at the base of the poles was r = 0.99 (P < 0.05). The power at the poles was 50 – 70% higher than that at the flywheel. There was a high test – retest reliability in the two 60-s power output tests (coefficient of variation = 3.0%) and no significant difference in peak oxygen uptake in the two 6-min all-out tests (coefficient of variation = 2.4%). There was a strong correlation between the absolute (W) and relative power (W · kg−1) output in the 6-min double poling ergometer test and the double poling performance on snow (r = 0.86 and 0.89 respectively; both P < 0.05). In conclusion, our results show that the double poling ergometer has both high reliability and validity. However, the power calculated at the flywheel underestimated the total power produced and needs to be corrected for in ergonomic estimations.

  • 33. Karlsen, Jon
    et al.
    Nilsson, Johnny
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap, Laboratoriet för biomekanik och motorisk kontroll (BMC).
    A new method to record aiming in golf putting  -  applied to elite players2008Inngår i: Science and Golf V: proceedings of the World Scientific Congress of Golf / [ed] D. Crews and R. Lutz, Energy in Motion , 2008, s. 395-401Konferansepaper (Fagfellevurdert)
  • 34. Karlsen, Jon
    et al.
    Nilsson, Johnny
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap, Laboratoriet för biomekanik och motorisk kontroll (BMC).
    Club shaft weight in putting accuracy and perception of swing parameters in golf putting.2007Inngår i: Perceptual and Motor Skills, ISSN 0031-5125, E-ISSN 1558-688X, Vol. 105, nr 1, s. 29-38Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    This study assessed how shaft weight influenced golf putting accuracy and subjective perception of swing parameters. Three putters of different shaft weight (100, 420, and 610 gm) were tested by 24 club players. Distance and deviation in direction were measured, and subjective ratings of the putters recorded. Subjects hit the ball further with lighter shafts. The mean distance hit was 100.2, 99.3, and 98.1% of the target distance for the normal, medium, and heavy putter shafts, respectively. Subjectively, the medium heavy putter was rated best on "overall feeling" and it was also rated better than the normal on"feeling of stability in the downswing." The heaviest putter was rated as too heavy by 23 of 24 subjects. There were no significant differences between the putter clubs in distance and directional putting accuracy. The major findings are that the golfers putted 2.1% longer with the 100 gm shaft than with the 610 gm shaft and that the perception of overall feeling of the putter club was not related to performance.

  • 35. Karlsen, Jon
    et al.
    Nilsson, Johnny
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap, Laboratoriet för biomekanik och motorisk kontroll (BMC).
    Distance variability in golf putting among highly skilled players: the role of green reading2008Inngår i: Annual Review of Golf Coaching, Multi-Science Publishing, 2008Kapittel i bok, del av antologi (Fagfellevurdert)
  • 36. Karlsen, Jon
    et al.
    Nilsson, Johnny
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap, Laboratoriet för biomekanik och motorisk kontroll (BMC).
    Golf players prefer mallet putters for aiming, but aim more consistent with blade putters2008Inngår i: Science and Golf V: proceedings of the World Scientific Congress of Golf Science and Golf V / [ed] D. Crews and R. Lutz, Energy in Motion , 2008, s. 402-407Konferansepaper (Fagfellevurdert)
  • 37. Karlsen, Jon
    et al.
    Smith, Gerald
    Nilsson, Johnny
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap, Laboratoriet för biomekanik och motorisk kontroll (BMC).
    The stroke has only a minor influence on direction consistency in golf putting among elite players.2008Inngår i: Journal of Sports Sciences, ISSN 0264-0414, E-ISSN 1466-447X, Vol. 26, nr 3, s. 243-50Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    In the golf instructional literature, the putting stroke is typically given higher priority than green reading and aiming. The main purpose of this study was to assess the importance of the putting stroke for direction consistency in golf putting. Kinematic stroke parameters were recorded from 71 elite golf players (mean handicap = 1.8, s = 4.2) on 1301 putts from about 4 m. Of the different factors deciding stroke direction consistency, face angle was found to be the most important (80%), followed by putter path (17%) and impact point (3%). This suggests that improvements in consistency of putter path and impact point will have very little effect on overall putting direction consistency and should not be prioritized in the training of elite players. In addition, mean stroke direction variability for an elite player (European Tour) was found to be 0.39 degrees, which is good enough to hole about 95% of all 4-m putts. In practice, however, top professionals in tournaments only hole about 17% of 4-m putts. We conclude that the putting stroke of elite golfers has a relatively minor influence on direction consistency.

  • 38. Karlsson, Håkan K R
    et al.
    Nilsson, Per-Anders
    Nilsson, Johnny
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap, Laboratoriet för biomekanik och motorisk kontroll (BMC).
    Chibalin, Alexander V
    Zierath, Juleen R
    Blomstrand, Eva
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap, Eva Blomstrands forskningsgrupp.
    Branched-chain amino acids increase p70S6k phosphorylation in human skeletal muscle after resistance exercise.2004Inngår i: American Journal of Physiology. Endocrinology and Metabolism, ISSN 0193-1849, E-ISSN 1522-1555, Vol. 287, nr 1, s. E1-7Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of resistance exercise alone or in combination with oral intake of branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) on phosphorylation of the 70-kDa S6 protein kinase (p70(S6k)) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK1/2), and p38 MAPK in skeletal muscle. Seven male subjects performed one session of quadriceps muscle resistance training (4 x 10 repetitions at 80% of one repetition maximum) on two occasions. In a randomized order, double-blind, crossover test, subjects ingested a solution of BCAA or placebo during and after exercise. Ingestion of BCAA increased plasma concentrations of isoleucine, leucine, and valine during exercise and throughout recovery after exercise (2 h postexercise), whereas no change was noted after the placebo trial. Resistance exercise led to a robust increase in p70(S6k) phosphorylation at Ser(424) and/or Thr(421), which persisted 1 and 2 h after exercise. BCAA ingestion further enhanced p70(S6k) phosphorylation 3.5-fold during recovery. p70(S6k) phosphorylation at Thr(389) was unaltered directly after resistance exercise. However, during recovery, Thr(389) phosphorylation was profoundly increased, but only during the BCAA trial. Furthermore, phosphorylation of the ribosomal protein S6 was also increased in the recovery period only during the BCAA trial. Exercise led to a marked increase in ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK phosphorylation, which was completely suppressed upon recovery and unaltered by BCAA. In conclusion, BCAA, ingested during and after resistance exercise, mediate signal transduction through p70(S6k) in skeletal muscle.

  • 39.
    Kraepelien-Strid, Eva
    et al.
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap.
    Nilsson, Johnny
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap.
    En studie av GIH-studenters erfarenheter av friluftsliv och naturmiljöaktiviteter före utbildning2009Rapport (Annet vitenskapelig)
    Abstract [sv]

    Syftet med denna studie var att med hjälp av en enkätmetod kartlägga blivande GIH-studenters erfarenhetsbakgrund avseende naturmiljöaktivitet, natursäkerhet och friluftsliv före utbildningen vid GIH.

    I denna enkätundersökning deltog 92 studenter som just påbörjat sina studier vid Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan (GIH) i Stockholm höstterminen 2007. Av hela studentpopulationen som deltog i undersökningen var 48 % män och 52 % kvinnor. Av hela populationen som besvarat enkäten var 48 studenter från Lärarprogrammet, 26 studenter från Hälsopedagogprogrammet och 18 studenter från Tränarprogrammet.

    Enkäten introducerade följande definitioner:

    Naturmiljöaktivitet – aktivitet som bedrivs i naturen t.ex. orientering, simning, skridskor eller längdskidåkning och där aktiviteten är det väsentliga.

    Friluftsliv – Aktivitet och vistelse i naturmiljö i syfte att erhålla naturupplevelser samt stimulans och rekreation av psykisk och/eller fysisk art, med eller utan inslag av prestation och utan krav på tävlingsprestation. I skolan bedrivs friluftsliv alternativt naturmiljöaktivitet inom begreppet "Friluftsdag".

    I enkätens inledning fick deltagarna i undersökningen svara på frågor om ålder, kön, skolbakgrund samt utbildningsort. Resterande tio frågor avsåg att kartlägga erfarenheterna av naturmiljöaktivitet och friluftsliv på fritid och i skolan (grundskola och gymnasium). Frågorna omfattade huvudsakligen kvantifierade svar men även kortfattade beskrivningar förekom som klassificerades i efterhand. Deltagarna fick även gradera sina upplevda kunskaper och färdigheter inom exempelvis olika naturmiljöaktiviteter, miljökunskap (ekologi) samt övernattning och matlagning utomhus. I den avslutande frågan kartlades deltagarnas simkunnighet.

    En majoritet (ca 70 %) av både manliga och kvinnliga studenter som påbörjar sin utbildning vid GIH har endast en viss eller endast en liten erfarenhet av naturmiljöaktiviteter. Studenter från landsbygden utmärker sig inte när det gäller stor erfarenhet av naturmiljöaktivitet och friluftsliv, frekvensen är lägre hos dem som bott/studerat på landet jämfört med stadsbor. I jämförelsen rörande förekomsten av naturmiljöaktivitet i skolan och på fritiden ligger tonvikten på naturmiljöaktivitet. Endast en begränsad del av svaren representerar aktiviteter som är typiska för friluftsliv med fokus på vistelse och upplevelse av naturen. Friluftsdagarnas innehåll verkar ha divergerat så mycket att även s.k. arenaidrotter som t.ex. friidrott förekommer under friluftsdagarna.

    Det är viktigt att lärare i skolan och organisationer som verkar för friluftsliv är medvetna om distinktionen mellan naturmiljöaktivitet och friluftsliv. Om enbart naturmiljöaktiviteten fokuseras finns det risk för att naturupplevelsen förflackas och friluftslivet inte blir något annat än fysisk aktivitet i naturen.

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    FULLTEXT01
  • 40.
    Nilsson, Johnny
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap.
    Att bli sin egen intresserade tränare - träningslära i idrott och hälsa2012Inngår i: Idrottsdidaktiska utmaningar / [ed] Larsson, H. & Meckbach, J, Stockholm, Stockholm: Liber, 2012, 2, s. 193-203Kapittel i bok, del av antologi (Annet vitenskapelig)
  • 41.
    Nilsson, Johnny
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap.
    Friluftsliv - en begreppsproblematisering2012Inngår i: Idrottsdidaktiska utmaningar / [ed] Larsson, H. & Meckbach, J, Stockholm, Stockholm: Liber, 2012, 2, s. 141-153Kapittel i bok, del av antologi (Annet vitenskapelig)
  • 42.
    Nilsson, Johnny
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap, Laboratoriet för biomekanik och motorisk kontroll (BMC).
    Laboratoriet för tillämpad idrottsvetenskap, LTIV2014Inngår i: Från Kungl. Gymnastiska Centralinstitutet till Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan: en betraktelse av de senaste 25 åren som del av en 200-årig historia / [ed] Suzanne Lundvall, Stockholm: Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH , 2014, s. 154-160Kapittel i bok, del av antologi (Annet (populærvitenskap, debatt, mm))
    Fulltekst (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 43.
    Nilsson, Johnny
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap.
    Motoriskt lärande och motoriska lekmiljöer2012Inngår i: Idrottsdidaktiska utmaningar / [ed] Larsson, H. & Meckbach, J, Stockholm, Stockholm: Liber, 2012, 2, s. 204-216Kapittel i bok, del av antologi (Annet vitenskapelig)
  • 44.
    Nilsson, Johnny
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap.
    Rapport GIH 2008-projektet: kartläggning av idrottslärarstudenters bakgrundsfaktorer, fysiska prestationsnivå samt implementering av metoder för integrering av teori och praktik samt idrottslig kompetensutveckling i GIH-utbildningen2009Rapport (Annet vitenskapelig)
    Fulltekst (pdf)
    FULLTEXT01
  • 45.
    Nilsson, Johnny
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap.
    Rörelseteknik och upplevelse i friluftsliv: rörelse i ett livsvärldsrum2011Inngår i: Lärande i friluftsliv: perspektiv och ämnesdidaktiska exempel / [ed] Suzanne Lundvall, Stockholm: Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH , 2011, s. 51-58Kapittel i bok, del av antologi (Annet vitenskapelig)
    Fulltekst (pdf)
    fulltext
    Download (png)
    presentationsbild
  • 46.
    Nilsson, Johnny
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap, Laboratoriet för biomekanik och motorisk kontroll (BMC).
    Sport innovation2014Inngår i: Från Kungl. Gymnastiska Centralinstitutet till Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan: en betraktelse av de senaste 25 åren som del av en 200-årig historia / [ed] Suzanne Lundvall, Stockholm: Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH , 2014, s. 263-271Kapittel i bok, del av antologi (Annet (populærvitenskap, debatt, mm))
    Fulltekst (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 47.
    Nilsson, Johnny
    et al.
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap. Högskolan Dalarna.
    Cardinale, Daniele
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap. Riksidrottsförbundet.
    Aerobic and anaerobic test performance among elite male football players in different team positions2015Inngår i: LASE Journal of Sport Science, ISSN 1691-7669, E-ISSN 1691-9912, Vol. 6, nr 2, s. 73-92Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    The purpose was to determine the magnitude of aerobic and anaerobic performance factors among elite male football players in different team positions. Thirty-nine players from the highest Swedish division classified as defenders (n=18), midfield players (n=12) or attackers (n=9) participated. Their mean (± sd) age, height and body mass (bm) were 24.4 (±4.7) years, 1.80 (±5.9)m and 79 (±7.6)kg, respectively. Running economy (RE) and anaerobic threshold (AT) was determined at 10, 12, 14, and 16km/h followed by tests of maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max). Maximal strength (1RM) and average power output (AP) was performed in squat lifting. Squat jump (SJ), counter-movement jump with free arm swing (CMJa), 45m maximal sprint and the Wingate test was performed. Average VO2max for the whole population (WP) was 57.0mL O2•kg-1min-1. The average AT occurred at about 84% of VO2max. 1RM per kg bm0.67 was 11.9±1.3kg. Average squat power in the whole population at 40% 1RM was 70±9.5W per kg bm0.67. SJ and CMJa were 38.6±3.8cm and 48.9±4.4cm, respectively. The average sprint time (45m) was 5.78± 0.16s. The AP in the Wingate test was 10.6±0.9W•kg-1. The average maximal oxygen uptake among players in the highest Swedish division was lower compared to international elite players but the Swedish players were better off concerning the anaerobic threshold and in the anaerobic tests. No significant differences were revealed between defenders, midfielders or attackers concerning the tested parameters presented above.

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 48.
    Nilsson, Johnny
    et al.
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap.
    Cardinale, Daniele
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap.
    Running economy and blood lactate accumulation in elite football players with high and low maximal aerobic power2015Inngår i: LASE Journal of Sport Science, ISSN 1691-7669, E-ISSN 1691-9912, Vol. 6, nr 2, s. 44-51Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    The purpose was to determine running economy and lactate threshold among a selection of male elite football players with high and low aerobic power. Forty male elite football players from the highest Swedish division ("Allsvenskan") participated in the study. In a test of running economy (RE) and blood lactate accumulation the participants ran four minutes each at 10, 12, 14, and 16 km•h-1 at horizontal level with one minute rest in between each four minutes interval. After the last sub-maximal speed level the participants got two minutes of rest before test of maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max). Players that had a maximal oxygen uptake lower than the average for the total population of 57.0 mL O2•kg-1•minute-1 were assigned to the low aerobic power group (LAP) (n=17). The players that had a VO2max equal to or higher than 57.0 mL O2•kg-1•minute-1 were selected for the high aerobic power group (HAP) (n=23). The VO2max was significantly different between the HAP and LAP group. The average RE, measured as oxygen uptake at 12, 14 and 16km•h-1 was significantly lower but the blood lactate concentration was significantly higher at 14 and 16 km•h-1for the LAP group compared with the HAP group.

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 49.
    Nilsson, Johnny
    et al.
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap, Laboratoriet för biomekanik och motorisk kontroll (BMC).
    Csergö, Sandor
    Gullstrand, Lennart
    Tveit, Per
    Refsnes, Per Egil
    Work-time profile, blood lactate concentration and rating of perceived exertion in the 1998 Greco-Roman Wrestling World Championship.2002Inngår i: Journal of Sports Sciences, ISSN 0264-0414, E-ISSN 1466-447X, Vol. 20, nr 11, s. 939-45Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    The aim of this study was to examine work-time profiles, blood lactate concentrations and perceived exertion among Greco-Roman wrestlers in the 1998 World Championship. Forty-two senior wrestlers from nine nations were studied in 94 matches. Each match was recorded with a video camera (Panasonic AG 455, film rate: 25 Hz) and analysed for duration of work (wrestling) and rest (interrupt) periods. Blood lactate concentration was determined with an electrochemical device (Analox P-LM5) and a rating of perceived exertion scale (Borg) was used to estimate general exertion and exertion in the extremity and trunk muscles. The mean duration of the matches was 427 s (range 324-535 s), with mean durations of work and rest of 317 and 110 s, respectively. The mean periods of work and rest were 37.2 and 13.8 s, respectively. Mean blood lactate concentration was 14.8 mmol x 1(-1) (range 6.9-20.6). The difference in mean blood lactate concentration between the first- and final-round matches was not significant (P > 0.05). Blood lactate concentration was significantly higher (P < 0.04) in matches of long duration than in those of short duration. The mean general rating of perceived exertion for all matches was 13.8 according to the scale used. Most of the wrestlers (53.3%) perceived exertion to be highest in the flexors of the forearm, followed by the deltoids (17.4%) and the biceps brachii muscles (12.0%). In addition to a relatively high rating of perceived exertion in the arm muscles, this indicates a high specific load on the flexor muscles of the forearm.

  • 50.
    Nilsson, Johnny E
    et al.
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap, Laboratoriet för biomekanik och motorisk kontroll (BMC).
    Holmberg, Hans-Christer
    Tveit, Per
    Hallén, Jostein
    Effects of 20-s and 180-s double poling interval training in cross-country skiers.2004Inngår i: European Journal of Applied Physiology, ISSN 1439-6319, E-ISSN 1439-6327, Vol. 92, nr 1-2, s. 121-7Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of upper body 20-s or 180-s interval training, using a double poling ergometer, on upper body power output and selected physiological and biomechanical parameters in cross-country skiers. Twenty (12 male, 8 female) well-trained cross-country skiers took part. Two intervention groups, a 20-s interval training group (IT20; n=6) and a 180-s interval training group (IT180; n=7), underwent training three times a week for 6 weeks on a double poling ergometer. A third group served as a control (CON; n=7) and followed the same training program as the IT20 and IT180 groups without the double poling ergometer interval training. The IT20 and IT180 groups significantly (P<0.05) increased both peak and mean power in a 30-s test and mean power in a 6-min test after double poling training. There was a significant improvement in work efficiency in both IT20 and IT180 (P<0.05) and, in IT180, a significant reduction (P<0.05) in blood lactate concentration at given sub-maximal workloads. VO(2peak) increased significantly during double poling in IT180 ( P<0.05) only. VO(2max) did not change significantly in either group. There were no significant changes in any of the test variables in CON. In conclusion, this study shows that 6 weeks of 20-s or 180-s double poling interval training, three times a week, significantly increases power output in both 30-s and 6-min tests, as well as in selected physiological and biomechanical parameters in well-trained cross-country skiers.

12 1 - 50 of 84
RefereraExporteraLink til resultatlisten
Permanent link
Referera
Referensformat
  • apa
  • ieee
  • modern-language-association-8th-edition
  • vancouver
  • Annet format
Fler format
Språk
  • de-DE
  • en-GB
  • en-US
  • fi-FI
  • nn-NO
  • nn-NB
  • sv-SE
  • Annet språk
Fler språk
Utmatningsformat
  • html
  • text
  • asciidoc
  • rtf