There was a time when active transport for different purposes contributed to a substantial part of the levels of physical activity within the population. With changing scales of urban settlements and more and more of car-dependent mobility, this has changed. At the same time levels of physical activity are very low, and very few meet the minimal physical activity recommendations. For children and youth, these levels are higher than for adults. This fact, in combination with that car-dependent mobility stands for a number of seriously adverse environmental effects, point to that a future role of promotion of active transport within physical education and sport deserve to be addressed in terms of how realistic it is, and what can be gained. In my lecture, I will elaborate on these issues based on literature and experiences from teaching physical education teachers active transport in Sweden.