Cardiorespiratory fitness in midlife and subsequent incident depression, long-term sickness absence, and disability pension due to depression in 330,247 men and women.Show others and affiliations
2024 (English)In: Preventive Medicine, ISSN 0091-7435, E-ISSN 1096-0260, Vol. 181, article id 107916Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]
OBJECTIVE: Specific information for whom and when cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is associated with depression risk is lacking. We aimed to study the association between adulthood CRF and incident depression, long-term sickness absence, and disability pension due to depression, as well as examine moderation of sex, age, education, and occupation on associations.
METHODS: A large prospective cohort study follows participants over time with Swedish occupational health screenings data. The study includes 330,247 individuals (aged 16-79 years, 46% women) without a depression diagnosis at baseline. CRF was estimated from a submaximal cycle test.
RESULTS: CRF was associated beneficially from low to higher levels with incident depression and long-term sickness absence due to depression. Further, CRF at high levels (≥46 ml/min/kg) was associated with a decreased risk of receiving disability pension due to depression. The associations remained after adjustment for age and sex, but not lifestyle-related factors and co-morbidity. Participants with moderate and high CRF had 16% and 21%, respectively, lower risk for incident depression, and participants with high CRF had 11% lower risk for long-term sickness absence due to depression. Associations between higher CRF and the outcomes were mainly evident in men, younger participants, and individuals with low education.
CONCLUSION: In a large sample of adults without a depression diagnosis at baseline, higher CRF was shown to be beneficially related to the risk of incident depression and, to some extent, long-term sickness absence due to depression. If causal, targeted interventions focusing on increasing CRF in these sub-groups should be prioritized.
Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Elsevier, 2024. Vol. 181, article id 107916
Keywords [en]
Cardiorespiratory fitness, Depression, Disability pension, Long-term sick leave, Physical activity, brain health
Keywords [sv]
E-PABS, EPABS, hjärnhälsa
National Category
Public Health, Global Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology
Research subject
Medicine/Technology
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:gih:diva-8140DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2024.107916PubMedID: 38403033OAI: oai:DiVA.org:gih-8140DiVA, id: diva2:1842877
Part of project
E-PABS - a centre of Excellence in Physical Activity, healthy Brain functions and Sustainability, Knowledge FoundationCardiorespiratory fitness in early-life and adulthood and brain health later in life, Knowledge Foundation
Funder
Knowledge Foundation
Note
Forskningsfinansiärer för projektet och studien är KK-stiftelsen, AbbVie, BioArctic, Health Profile Institute och Monark Exercise.
2024-03-062024-03-062024-06-07