Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH

Introduction and objective 

Individuals with intellectual disability (ID) are less physically active than people without ID, and rarely or never reach the recommended daily dose of physical activity level. People with ID have a higher BMI than their peers and therefore a higher risk of obesity causing cardiovascular diseases. The overall objective was to determine the effectiveness on health and user experience of a 12-week, internet-based training program, customized for people with ID. 

Methods 

Participants with ID living in communal settings (n=27, 48% female, age = 36.4±9.56 years) were recruited for a training study including 50 minutes training 3 times a week in 12 weeks. Staff working with these participants (n=7, 57% female) were recruited for interviews. Questionnaires were used to evaluate enjoyment, quality of life and physical activity level, along with interviews. Body composition was measured as well as waist circumference. 

Results 

This study showed that 85% of the participants completed the web-based training. The level of physical activity (PA) increased during this period and positive changes in health outcomes were observed, for example a significant decrease in fat mass by a mean of 1.9kg ±2.4. The study also high-lighted barriers and facilitators for people with ID to use web-based training, along with perspectives and experiences on health and exercise among the staff within the supported housings. 

Conclusion 

A web-based training program is a new way to increase level of PA for people with ID. This study showed that web-based training program is an effective tool to improve health parameters, reduces hinders such as transport. Moreover, it is an easy way for staff to enhance PA in their work. This study present how web-based training was appreciated by many but not all participants ID which would probably be the same for people in general. The study was performed during the Covid-19 pandemic, which might have influenced the interest of the study in a positive manner. 

Individuals with ID can be difficult to reach in health care. Barriers such as transport, less knowledge in health literacy and difficulties in seeking care are examples why. A web based exercise program is one of many parameters that can help to improve health and an effective way for health care to reach this target group in a cost effective manner.