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Physical activity attenuates cardiovascular risk and mortality in men and women with and without the metabolic syndrome - a 20-year follow-up of a population-based cohort of 60-year-olds.
Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, GIH, Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Åstrand Laboratory of Work Physiology.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-3901-7833
Sophiahemmet Hospital, Sweden..
Karolinska Institutet, Sweden..
Umeå University, Sweden.
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2021 (English)In: European Journal of Preventive Cardiology, ISSN 2047-4873, E-ISSN 2047-4881, Vol. 8, no 12, p. 1376-1385Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Aims

The purpose of this study was to analyse the association of leisure-time physical activity of different intensities at baseline, and cardiovascular disease incidence, cardiovascular disease mortality and all-cause mortality in a population-based sample of 60-year-old men and women with and without established metabolic syndrome, for more than 20 years of follow-up. A secondary aim was to study which cardiometabolic factors may mediate the association between physical activity and long-term outcomes.

Methods

A total of 3693 participants (53% women) underwent physical examination and laboratory tests, completed an extensive questionnaire at baseline 1997–1999 and were followed until their death or until 31 December 2017. First-time cardiovascular disease events and death from any cause were ascertained through regular examinations of national registers.

Results

Metabolic syndrome prevalence was 23.0%. In metabolic syndrome participants, light physical activity attenuated cardiovascular disease incidence (hazard ratio = 0.71; 95% confidence interval 0.50–1.00) compared to sedentary (reference) after multi-adjustment. Moderate/high physical activity was inversely associated with both cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality, but became non-significant after multi-adjustment. Sedentary non-metabolic syndrome participants had lower cardiovascular disease incidence (0.47; 0.31–0.72) but not significantly different cardiovascular disease (0.61; 0.31–1.19) and all-cause mortality (0.92; 0.64–1.34) compared to sedentary metabolic syndrome participants. Both light and moderate/high physical activity were inversely associated with cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality in non-metabolic syndrome participants (p<0.05). There were significant variations in several central cardiometabolic risk factors with physical activity level in non-metabolic syndrome participants. Fibrinogen mediated the protective effects of physical activity in non-metabolic syndrome participants.

Conclusion

Physical activity of different intensities attenuated cardiovascular risk and mortality in 60-year old men and women with metabolic syndrome during a 20-year follow-up.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Sage Publications, 2021. Vol. 8, no 12, p. 1376-1385
Keywords [en]
Prospective study, cardiovascular risk, metabolic syndrome, physical activity, prevention., sedentary
National Category
Cardiology and Cardiovascular Disease
Research subject
Medicine/Technology
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:gih:diva-6161DOI: 10.1177/2047487320916596ISI: 000527188000001PubMedID: 32276576OAI: oai:DiVA.org:gih-6161DiVA, id: diva2:1425398
Available from: 2020-04-21 Created: 2020-04-21 Last updated: 2025-02-10

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Ekblom Bak, Elin

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