The enclosure is a summary of my perspectives as Discussant at the symposium: “Cycling and health in Europe and beyond – explaining and updating the evidence base” at the 10th HEPA Europe Health Enhancing Physical Activity Europe Conference at Southern University of Denmark in Odense, Denmark, August 28-30, 2019. Contributors to the symposium were Drs Adrian Bauman, Sylvia Titze, Niamph Murphy and Pekka Oja.